NAME¶

kvm — kernel memory interface

LIBRARY¶

Kernel Data Access Library (libkvm, -lkvm)

DESCRIPTION¶

The kvm library provides a uniform interface for accessing kernel virtual memory images, including live systems and crash dumps. Access to live systems is via sysctl(3) for some functions, and mem(4) and kmem(4) for other functions, while crash dumps can be examined via the core file generated by savecore(8). The interface behaves similarly in both cases. Memory can be read and written, kernel symbol addresses can be looked up efficiently, and information about user processes can be gathered.

The kvm_open() function is first called to obtain a descriptor for all subsequent calls.

COMPATIBILITY¶

The kvm interface was first introduced in SunOS. A considerable number of programs have been developed that use this interface, making backward compatibility highly desirable. In most respects, the Sun kvm interface is consistent and clean. Accordingly, the generic portion of the interface (i.e., kvm_open(), kvm_close(), kvm_read(), kvm_write(), and kvm_nlist()) has been incorporated into the BSD interface. Indeed, many kvm applications (i.e., debuggers and statistical monitors) use only this subset of the interface.

The process interface was not kept. This is not a portability issue since any code that manipulates processes is inherently machine dependent.

Finally, the Sun kvm error reporting semantics are poorly defined. The library can be configured either to print errors to stderr automatically, or to print no error messages at all. In the latter case, the nature of the error cannot be determined. To overcome this, the BSD interface includes a routine, kvm_geterr(3), to return (not print out) the error message corresponding to the most recent error condition on the given descriptor.

SEE ALSO¶

kvm_close(3), kvm_getargv(3), kvm_getenvv(3), kvm_geterr(3), kvm_getfiles(3), kvm_getloadavg(3), kvm_getprocs(3), kvm_getswapinfo(3), kvm_nlist(3), kvm_open(3), kvm_openfiles(3), kvm_read(3), kvm_write(3), sysctl(3), kmem(4), mem(4)