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.\" ========================================================================
.\"
.IX Title "MP3INFO2 1p"
.TH MP3INFO2 1p "2022-12-30" "perl v5.36.0" "User Contributed Perl Documentation"
.\" For nroff, turn off justification.  Always turn off hyphenation; it makes
.\" way too many mistakes in technical documents.
.if n .ad l
.nh
.SH "NAME"
mp3info2 \- get/set MP3 tags; uses MP3::Tag to get default values.
.SH "SYNOPSIS"
.IX Header "SYNOPSIS"
.Vb 2
\&  # Print the information in tags and autodeduced info
\&  mp3info2 *.mp3
\&
\&  # In addition, set the year field to 1981
\&  mp3info2 \-y 1981 *.mp3
\&
\&  # Same without printout of info, recursively in the current directory
\&  mp3info2 \-R \-p "" \-y 1981 .
\&
\&  # Do not deduce any field, print (normalized) info from the tags only
\&  mp3info2 \-C autoinfo=ID3v2,ID3v1 *.mp3
\&
\&  # As above, but without normalization/autofill, the raw information in tags
\&  mp3info2 \-N *.mp3
\&
\&  # As above, but only with ID2v1 tag read
\&  mp3info2 \-NC autoinfo=ID3v1 *.mp3
\&
\&  # Get artist from CDDB_File, autodeduce other info, write it to tags
\&  mp3info2 \-C artist=CDDB_File \-u *.mp3
\&
\&  # For title, prefer information from .inf file; autodeduce rest, update
\&  mp3info2 \-C title=Inf,ID3v2,ID3v1,filename \-u *.mp3
\&
\&  # Same, and get the artist from CDDB file
\&  mp3info2 \-C title=Inf,ID3v2,ID3v1,filename \-C artist=CDDB_File \-u *.mp3
\&
\&  # Write a script for conversion of .wav to .mp3, autodeducing tags
\&  mp3info2 \-p "lame \-h \-\-vbr\-new \-\-tt \*(Aq%t\*(Aq \-\-tn %n \-\-ta \*(Aq%a\*(Aq \-\-tc \*(Aq%c\*(Aq \-\-tl \*(Aq%l\*(Aq \-\-ty \*(Aq%y\*(Aq \*(Aq%f\*(Aq\en" *.wav >xxx.sh
.Ve
.SH "DESCRIPTION"
.IX Header "DESCRIPTION"
The program prints a message summarizing tag info (obtained via
MP3::Tag module) for specified files.
.PP
It may also update the information in \s-1ID3\s0 tags.  This happens in three
different cases.
.IP "\(bu" 4
If the information supplied in command-line options \f(CW\*(C`t a l y g c n\*(C'\fR
differs from the content of the corresponding \s-1ID3\s0 tags (or there is no
corresponding \s-1ID3\s0 tags).
.IP "\(bu" 4
If options \f(CW\*(C`\-d\*(C'\fR or \f(CW\*(C`\-F\*(C'\fR were given.
.IP "\(bu" 4
if \f(CW\*(C`MP3::Tag\*(C'\fR obtains the info from other means than \s-1MP3\s0 tags, and
\&\f(CW\*(C`\-u\*(C'\fR forces the update of the \s-1ID3\s0 tags.
.PP
(All these ways are disabled by \f(CW\*(C`\-D\*(C'\fR option.)  ID3v2 tag is written
if needed, or if \f(CW\*(C`\-2\*(C'\fR option is given.  (Automatic fill-in of
deduceable fields (via the method \fBid3v2_frames_autofill()\fR) is
performed unless \f(CW\*(C`\-d\*(C'\fR or \f(CW\*(C`\-N\*(C'\fR options are given.)
.PP
The option \f(CW\*(C`\-u\*(C'\fR writes (\f(CW\*(C`u\*(C'\fRpdates) the fetched information to the
\&\s-1MP3 ID3\s0 tags.  This option is assumed if there are command-line options
which explicitly set tag elements (\f(CW\*(C`\-a\*(C'\fR, \f(CW\*(C`\-t\*(C'\fR etc., and \f(CW\*(C`\-F\*(C'\fR, \f(CW\*(C`\-d\*(C'\fR).
(Effects of this option may be overridden by giving \f(CW\*(C`\-D\*(C'\fR
option.)  If \f(CW\*(C`\-2\*(C'\fR option is also given, forces write of ID3v2 tag
even if the info fits the ID3v1 tag (in addition, this option enables
auto-update of \*(L"personal name\*(R" fields, and corresponding titles
according to values of \f(CW\*(C`translate_person\*(C'\fR, \f(CW\*(C`person_frames\*(C'\fR etc.
configuration settings; see \*(L"Normalization of fields\*(R").  This option
is ignored if no change to tags is detected; however, one can force an
update by repeating this option (useful if you expect the change the
\&\*(L"format\*(R" of the tag, as opposed to its \*(L"content\*(R").
.PP
The option \f(CW\*(C`\-p\*(C'\fR prints a message using the next argument as format
(by default \f(CW\*(C`\e\e\*(C'\fR, \f(CW\*(C`\et\*(C'\fR, \f(CW\*(C`\en\*(C'\fR are replaced by backslash, tab and
newline; governed by the value of \f(CW\*(C`\-E\*(C'\fR option); see
\&\*(L"interpolate\*(R" in MP3::Tag for details of the format of \fBsprintf()\fR\-like
escapes.  If no option \f(CW\*(C`\-p\*(C'\fR is given, message in default format will
be emitted.  The value of option \f(CW\*(C`\-e\*(C'\fR is the encoding used for the
output; if the value is a number, system-specific encoding is guessed
(and used for the output if the bit 0x1 is set); if the bit 0x2 is set,
then command line options are assumed to be in the guessed encoding; if
the bit 0x4 is set, then command line arguments are assumed to be in the
guessed encoding.  If the bit 0x8 is set, the encoding/decoding
configuration of file input/output of \f(CW\*(C`MP3::Tag\*(C'\fR is redone with the
the detected encoding.  Use the value \f(CW\*(C`binary\*(C'\fR to do binary output.
.PP
In presence of \f(CW\*(C`\-U\*(C'\fR option the default for \f(CW\*(C`\-e\*(C'\fR is \f(CW15\fR, and
the decoding/encoding processing happens as if \s-1LANG\s0 is set for \f(CW\*(C`UTF\-8\*(C'\fR
encoding.  (For example, for \f(CW\*(C`\-Ue 1\*(C'\fR the \f(CW\*(C`STDOUT\*(C'\fR the output message
of this script happens in \s-1UTF\-8\s0 mode, which makes it easier to detect 
decoding/encoding errors in tags.)
.PP
With option \f(CW\*(C`\-D\*(C'\fR (dry run) no update is performed, no matter what the
other options are.  With this option, no parsing of tags is performed unless
needed.
.PP
Use options
.PP
.Vb 1
\&  t a l y g c n
.Ve
.PP
to overwrite the information (title artist album year genre comment
track-number) obtained via \f(CW\*(C`MP3::Tag\*(C'\fR heuristics (\f(CW\*(C`\-u\*(C'\fR switch is
implied if any one of these arguments differs from what would be found
otherwise; use \f(CW\*(C`\-D\*(C'\fR switch to disable auto-update).  By default, the
values of these options are not \f(CW\*(C`%\*(C'\fR\-interpolated; this may be changed by
\&\f(CW\*(C`\-E\*(C'\fR option.
.PP
The option \f(CW\*(C`\-d\*(C'\fR should contain the comma-separated list of ID3v2
frames to delete.  A frame specification is the same as what might be
given to \f(CW"%{...}"\fR frame interpolation command, e.g., \f(CW\*(C`TIT3\*(C'\fR,
\&\f(CW\*(C`COMM03\*(C'\fR, \f(CW\*(C`COMM(fra)[short title]\*(C'\fR; the difference with modify-access
is that \fB\s-1ALL\s0\fR (and not the \fBfirst\fR of) matching frames are deleted.
(Option \-d may be repeated.)
.PP
For example, \f(CW\*(C`\-d APIC\*(C'\fR would remove all picture frames.  In addition, if the
list contains \f(CW\*(C`ID3v1\*(C'\fR or \f(CW\*(C`ID3v2\*(C'\fR, whole tags will be deleted.
.PP
Likewise, the option \f(CW\*(C`\-F\*(C'\fR allows setting of arbitrary \f(CW\*(C`ID3v2\*(C'\fR
frames: if one needs to set one frame, use the directive \f(CW\*(C`FRAME_spec=VALUE\*(C'\fR:
.PP
.Vb 1
\&  \-F TIT2=The_new_Title
.Ve
.PP
Again, on modify, \fB\s-1ALL\s0\fR matching frames are deleted first, so be carefull with
.PP
.Vb 1
\&  \-F COMM=MyComment
.Ve
.PP
Option \f(CW\*(C`\-F\*(C'\fR may be repeated to set more than one frame.  If configuration
variable \f(CW\*(C`empty\-F\-deletes\*(C'\fR is \s-1TRUE\s0 (default), empty arguments will delete
the frame.
.PP
One can replace \f(CW\*(C`FRAME_spec=VALUE\*(C'\fR by \f(CW\*(C`FRAME_spec < FILE\*(C'\fR; in
this case the value to set is read from the file named \fI\s-1FILE\s0\fR; if the
frame is text-only (meaning: at most \f(CW\*(C`[encoded]Text URL Language
Description\*(C'\fR fields are present), the file is read in text mode (and
with starting/trailing whitespace stripped), otherwise it is read in
binary mode.  (Whitespace is required about the \f(CW\*(C`<\*(C'\fR signs.)  If
\&\f(CW\*(C`<\*(C'\fR is replaced by \f(CW\*(C`?<\*(C'\fR, the value is set only if frame is
not yet present, and if the file exists; if replaced by \f(CW\*(C`>\*(C'\fR, the
value (if present) is written to \fI\s-1FILE\s0\fR (creation of intermediate directories
is controlled by configuration option \f(CW\*(C`frames_write_creates_dirs\*(C'\fR, the
default is \s-1FALSE\s0).
.PP
Additionally, \f(CW\*(C`FRAME_spec\*(C'\fR may be one of \f(CW\*(C`ID3v1\*(C'\fR or \f(CW\*(C`ID3v2\*(C'\fR or \f(CW\*(C`TAGS\*(C'\fR;
in this case, whole tags are written or read.  For example, for \f(CW\*(C`TAGS <
FILE\*(C'\fR, \f(CW\*(C`title artist album year genre comment track\*(C'\fR info is calculated from
\&\fI\s-1FILE\s0\fR, which may be raw tags, as produced with \f(CW\*(C`>\*(C'\fR, or a valid \s-1MP3\s0
file; if Image::ExifTool is present, the data may be
read from arbitrary multimedia file.  (Likewise,  for \f(CW\*(C`ID3v1 < FILE\*(C'\fR,
the same info is extracted from
\&\f(CW\*(C`ID3v1\*(C'\fR tag only.) After this, in case of \f(CW\*(C`ID3v2\*(C'\fR or \f(CW\*(C`TAGS\*(C'\fR, \f(CW\*(C`ID3v2\*(C'\fR
frames are copied from the \f(CW\*(C`ID3v2\*(C'\fR tag one-by-one.  (With suitable
modifications for \f(CW\*(C`?<\*(C'\fR.)
.PP
By default, the \*(L"\s-1VALUE\*(R"\s0 for \f(CW\*(C`\-F\*(C'\fR is \f(CW\*(C`%\*(C'\fR\-interpolated; this can be
changed by option \f(CW\*(C`\-E\*(C'\fR.  For user convenience, human-friendlier forms
\&\f(CW\*(C`composer, text_by, orchestra, conductor, track, disk_n\*(C'\fR can be used instead of
\&\f(CW\*(C`TCOM, TEXT, TPE2, TPE3, TRCK, TPOS\*(C'\fR.
.PP
The option \f(CW\*(C`\-P RECIPE\*(C'\fR is a very powerful generalization of what can be done
by options \f(CW\*(C`\-F\*(C'\fR, \f(CW\*(C`\-d\*(C'\fR, and \f(CW\*(C`\-t \-a \-l \-y \-g \-c \-n\*(C'\fR.  It may be
repeated; the values should contain the parse recipes.  They become the
configuration item \f(CW\*(C`parse_data\*(C'\fR of \f(CW\*(C`MP3::Tag\*(C'\fR; eventually this information
is processed by MP3::Tag::ParseData module (if the
latter is present in the chain of heuristics; see option \f(CW\*(C`\-C\*(C'\fR).  The
\&\f(CW\*(C`RECIPE\*(C'\fR is split into \f(CW\*(C`$flags, $string, @patterns\*(C'\fR on its first
non-alphanumeric character; the first of \f(CW@patterns\fR which matches
\&\f(CW$string\fR is going to be executed (for side effects).  (See examples:
\&\*(L"\s-1EXAMPLES:\s0 parse rules\*(R".)
.PP
If option \f(CW\*(C`\-G\*(C'\fR is specified, the file names on the command line are
considered as glob patterns.  This may be useful if the maximal
command-line length is too low.  With the option \f(CW\*(C`\-R\*(C'\fR arguments can
be directories, which are searched recursively for audio (default
\&\fI*.mp3\fR) files to process; use option \f(CW\*(C`\-r\*(C'\fR to reset the regular
expression to look for (the default is \f(CW\*(C`(?i:\e.mp3$)\*(C'\fR).
.PP
The option \f(CW\*(C`\-E\*(C'\fR controls expansion of escape characters.  It should
contain the letters of the command-line options where \f(CW\*(C`\e\e, \en, \et\*(C'\fR
are interpolated; one can append the letters of \f(CW\*(C`t a l y g c n F\*(C'\fR
options requiring \f(CW\*(C`%\*(C'\fR\-interpolation after the separator \f(CW\*(C`/i:\*(C'\fR (for
\&\f(CW\*(C`\-F\*(C'\fR, only the values are interpolated).  The default value is
\&\f(CW\*(C`p/i:Fp\*(C'\fR: only \f(CW\*(C`\-p\*(C'\fR is \f(CW\*(C`\e\*(C'\fR\-interpolated, and only \f(CW\*(C`\-F\*(C'\fR and \f(CW\*(C`\-p\*(C'\fR
are subject to \f(CW\*(C`%\*(C'\fR\-interpolation.  If all one wants is to \fIadd\fR to
the defaults, preceed the value of \f(CW\*(C`\-E\*(C'\fR (containing added options) by
\&\f(CW"+"\fR.  (Some parts of the value of option \f(CW\*(C`\-P\*(C'\fR are interpolated,
but this should be governed by flags, not \f(CW\*(C`\-E\*(C'\fR; do \fI\s-1NOT\s0\fR put \f(CW\*(C`P\*(C'\fR
into the \f(CW\*(C`%\*(C'\fR\-interpolated part of \f(CW\*(C`\-E\*(C'\fR.)
.PP
If the option \f(CW\*(C`\-@\*(C'\fR is given, all characters \f(CW\*(C`@\*(C'\fR in the options are
replaced by \f(CW\*(C`%\*(C'\fR.  This may be convenient if the shell treats \f(CW\*(C`%\*(C'\fR
specially (e.g., \s-1DOSISH\s0 shells).
.PP
If option \f(CW\*(C`\-I\*(C'\fR is given, no guessworking for \fIartist\fR field is performed
on typeout.
.PP
The option \f(CW\*(C`\-C CONFIG_OPT=VALUE1,VALUE2...\*(C'\fR sets \f(CW\*(C`MP3::Tag\*(C'\fR configuration
data the same way as \f(CW\*(C`MP3::Tag\-\*(C'\fR\fBconfig()\fR> would do (recall that the value
is an array; separate elements by commas if more than one).  The option may
be repeated to set more than one value.  Note that since \f(CW\*(C`ParseData\*(C'\fR is used
to process \f(CW\*(C`\-P\*(C'\fR parse recipes, it should be better be kept in the
\&\f(CW\*(C`autoinfo\*(C'\fR configuration (and related fields \f(CW\*(C`author\*(C'\fR etc) in presence of \f(CW\*(C`\-P\*(C'\fR.
.PP
If the option \f(CW\*(C`\-x\*(C'\fR is given, the technical information about the audio
file is printed (\s-1MP3\s0 level, duration, number of frames, padding, copyright,
and the list of ID3v2 frame names in format suitable to \f(CW\*(C`%{...}\*(C'\fR escapes).
If \f(CW\*(C`\-x\*(C'\fR is repeated, content of frames is also printed out (may output
non-printable chars, if it is repeated more than twice).
.PP
If option \f(CW\*(C`\-N\*(C'\fR is given, all the \*(L"smarts\*(R" are disabled \- no
normalization of fields happens, and (by default) no attempt to deduce the
values of fields from non\-ID3 information is done.  This option is
(currently) equivalent to having \f(CW\*(C`\-C autoinfo=ParseData,ID3v2,ID3v1\*(C'\fR
as the first directive, to having no \fINormalize::Text::Music_Fields.pm\fR
present on \f(CW@INC\fR path, and not calling \fBautofill()\fR method.
.SH "Normalization of fields"
.IX Header "Normalization of fields"
(The loading of normalization module and all subsequent operations may be
disabled by the option \f(CW\*(C`\-N\*(C'\fR, or by setting the environment variable
\&\f(CW\*(C`MP3TAG_NORMALIZE_FIELDS\*(C'\fR to be \s-1FALSE.\s0  If not prohibited,
the module is attempted to be loaded if directory \fI~/.music_fields\fR
is present, or \f(CW\*(C`MP3TAG_NORMALIZE_FIELDS\*(C'\fR is set and \s-1TRUE.\s0)
.PP
If loading of the module \f(CW\*(C`Normalize::Text::Music_Fields\*(C'\fR is successful,
the following is applicable:
.PP
If the value of \f(CW\*(C`MP3TAG_NORMALIZE_FIELDS\*(C'\fR is defined and not 1, this value
is broken into directories as a \s-1PATH,\s0 and load path of
\&\f(CW\*(C`Normalize::Text::Music_Fields\*(C'\fR is set to be this list of directories.
Then MP3::Tag is instructed (via corresponding configuration settings) to
use \f(CW\*(C`normalize_artist\*(C'\fR (etc.) methods defined by this module.  These methods
may normalize certain tag data.  The current version defines methods for
\&\*(L"normalization\*(R" of personal names, and titles (based on the composer).  This
normalization is driven through user-editable configuration tables.
.PP
In addition to automatical normalization of \s-1MP3\s0 tag data, one can use
\&\*(L"fake \s-1MP3\s0 files\*(R" to manually access some features of this module.
For this, use an empty file name, and \f(CW\*(C`\-D\*(C'\fR option.  E.g,
.PP
.Vb 5
\&  mp3info2 \-D \-a beethoven                       \-p "%a\en"         ""
\&  mp3info2 \-D \-a beethoven                       \-p "%{shP[%a]}\en" ""
\&  mp3info2 \-D \-a beethoven \-t "sonata #28"       \-p "%t\en"         ""
\&  mp3info2 \-D \-a beethoven \-t "allegretto, Bes" \-@p "@t\en"         ""
\&  mp3info2 \-D \-a beethoven \-t "op93"            \-@p "@t\en"         ""
.Ve
.PP
will print the normalized person-name for \f(CW\*(C`beethoven\*(C'\fR, the
corresponding normalized short person-name, and the normalized title
for \f(CW\*(C`sonata #28\*(C'\fR of composer \f(CW\*(C`beethoven\*(C'\fR.  E.g., with the shipped
normalization tables, it will print
.PP
.Vb 5
\&  Ludwig van Beethoven (1770\-1827)
\&  L. van Beethoven
\&  Piano Sonata No. 28 in A major; Op. 101 (1816)
\&  Allegretto for Piano Trio in B flat major; WoO 39 (1812)
\&  Symphony No. 8 in F major; Op. 93 (comp. 1812, f.p. Vienna, 1814\-02\-27, cond. Beethoven; pubd. 1816)
.Ve
.SH "The order of operation"
.IX Header "The order of operation"
Currently, the operations are done in the following order
.IP "\(bu" 2
Deletion of ID3v1 or ID3v2 as a whole via \f(CW\*(C`\-d\*(C'\fR option;
.IP "\(bu" 2
Recipies of \f(CW\*(C`\-P\*(C'\fR option are set up (to be triggered by interpolation);
.IP "\(bu" 2
The setting done via \f(CW\*(C`\-a/\-t/\-l/\-y/\-g/\-c/\-n\*(C'\fR options;
.IP "\(bu" 2
The settings done via \f(CW\*(C`\-F\*(C'\fR option;
.IP "\(bu" 2
Deletion of individual frames via \f(CW\*(C`\-d\*(C'\fR option;
.IP "\(bu" 2
autofill of ID3v2 (id) frames;
.IP "\(bu" 2
Emit info based on \f(CW\*(C`\-p\*(C'\fR and \f(CW\*(C`\-x\*(C'\fR options;
.IP "\(bu" 2
Trigger recipies of \f(CW\*(C`\-P\*(C'\fR (if not triggered by interpolation);
.IP "\(bu" 2
Update tags if needed.
.SH "Usage strategy: escalation of complexity"
.IX Header "Usage strategy: escalation of complexity"
The purpose of this script is to to make handling of \s-1ID3\s0 tags as simple
\&\fIas possible\fR.
.PP
On one end of the scale, one can perform arbitrarily
complex manipulations with tags using \f(CW\*(C`MP3::Tag\*(C'\fR Perl module.
.PP
On the other end, it is much more convenient to handle simplest manipulations
with tags using this script's options \f(CW\*(C`\-t \-a \-l \-y \-g \-c \-n\*(C'\fR and \f(CW\*(C`\-p
\&\-F \-d\*(C'\fR.  For slightly more complicated tasks, one may need to use the
more elaborate method of \fIparse rules\fR, provided to this script by
the option \f(CW\*(C`\-P\*(C'\fR; the rules depend heavily on \fIinterpolation\fR, see
\&\*(L"interpolate\*(R" in MP3::Tag, \*(L"interpolate_with_flags\*(R" in MP3::Tag.
.PP
To simplify upgrade from \*(L"simplest manipulations\*(R" to \*(L"more elaborate
ones\*(R", here we provide \*(L"parse rule\*(R" \fIsynonyms\fR to the simplest
options.  So if you start with \f(CW\*(C`\-t \-a \-l \-y \-g \-c \-n\*(C'\fR and \f(CW\*(C`\-p \-F \-d\*(C'\fR
options which \*(L"almost work\*(R" for you, you have a good chance to be able
to fully achieve your aim by modifying the synonyms described below.
.PP
(Below we assume that \f(CW\*(C`\-E\*(C'\fR option is set to its default value, so
\&\f(CW\*(C`\-F \-p\*(C'\fR are \f(CW\*(C`%\*(C'\fR\-interpolated, other options are not.  Note also that
if your \s-1TTY\s0's encoding is recognized by Perl, it is highly recommended
to set \f(CW\*(C`\-e 3\*(C'\fR option; on \s-1DOSISH\s0 shells, better use \f(CW\*(C`\-@\*(C'\fR, and replace
\&\f(CW\*(C`%\*(C'\fR's by \f(CW\*(C`@\*(C'\fR's below.)
.ie n .IP """\-t VALUE""" 14
.el .IP "\f(CW\-t VALUE\fR" 14
.IX Item "-t VALUE"
.Vb 1
\&  \-P "mz/VALUE/%t"
.Ve
.ie n .IP """\-a \-l \-y \-g \-c \-n""" 14
.el .IP "\f(CW\-a \-l \-y \-g \-c \-n\fR" 14
.IX Item "-a -l -y -g -c -n"
Likewise.
.ie n .IP """\-F"" ""TIT2=VALUE""" 14
.el .IP "\f(CW\-F\fR ``TIT2=VALUE''" 14
.IX Item "-F TIT2=VALUE"
.Vb 1
\&  \-P "mzi/VALUE/%{TIT2}"
.Ve
.ie n .IP """\-F"" ""APIC[myDescr] < \s-1FILE""\s0" 14
.el .IP "\f(CW\-F\fR ``APIC[myDescr] < \s-1FILE''\s0" 14
.IX Item "-F APIC[myDescr] < FILE"
.Vb 1
\&  \-F "APIC[myDescr]=%{I(fimbB)FILE}"
.Ve
.Sp
or
.Sp
.Vb 1
\&  \-P "mzi/%{I(fimbB)FILE}/%{APIC[myDescr]}"
.Ve
.Sp
(remove \f(CW\*(C`bB\*(C'\fR for text-only frames).
.ie n .IP """\-F"" ""APIC[myDescr] > \s-1FILE""\s0" 14
.el .IP "\f(CW\-F\fR ``APIC[myDescr] > \s-1FILE''\s0" 14
.IX Item "-F APIC[myDescr] > FILE"
.Vb 1
\&  \-P "bOi,%{APIC[myDescr]},FILE"
.Ve
.Sp
(remove \f(CW\*(C`b\*(C'\fR for text-only frames); or use \f(CW\*(C`\-e binary \-p
"%{APIC[myDescr]}"\*(C'\fR with redirection, see \*(L"\s-1EXAMPLES:\s0 parse rules\*(R".
.ie n .IP """\-d"" \s-1TIT2\s0" 14
.el .IP "\f(CW\-d\fR \s-1TIT2\s0" 14
.IX Item "-d TIT2"
.Vb 1
\&  \-P "m//%{TIT2}"
.Ve
.ie n .IP """\-F"" ""\s-1TIT2\s0 ?< \s-1FILE""\s0" 14
.el .IP "\f(CW\-F\fR ``\s-1TIT2\s0 ?< \s-1FILE''\s0" 14
.IX Item "-F TIT2 ?< FILE"
Very tricky.  This won't set distinguish empty file and non-existing one:
.Sp
.Vb 1
\&  \-P "mzi/%{TIT2:1}0%{I(fFim)FILE}/10/10%{TIT2}/0%{U1}"
.Ve
.Sp
(add \f(CW\*(C`bB\*(C'\fR to \f(CW\*(C`fFim\*(C'\fR for non-text-only frames); the last part may be
omitted if one omits the flag \f(CW\*(C`m\*(C'\fR \- it is present to catch misprints
only.
.PP
For details on \*(L"parse rules\*(R", see \*(L"\s-1EXAMPLES:\s0 parse rules\*(R" and
\&\*(L"\s-1DESCRIPTION\*(R"\s0 in MP3::Tag::ParseData.
.SH "EXAMPLES: parse rules"
.IX Header "EXAMPLES: parse rules"
Only the \f(CW\*(C`\-P\*(C'\fR option is complicated enough to deserve comments...
For full details on \fIparse rules\fR, see
\&\*(L"\s-1DESCRIPTION\*(R"\s0 in MP3::Tag::ParseData; for full details on interpolation,
see \*(L"interpolate\*(R" in MP3::Tag, \*(L"interpolate_with_flags\*(R" in MP3::Tag.
.PP
For a (silly) example, one can replace \f(CW\*(C`\-a Homer \-t Iliad\*(C'\fR by
.PP
.Vb 1
\&  \-P mz=Homer=%a \-P mz=Iliad=%t
.Ve
.PP
A less silly example is forcing a particular way of parsing a file name via
.PP
.Vb 1
\&  \-P "im=%{d0}/%f=%a/%n %t.%e"
.Ve
.PP
It is broken into
.PP
.Vb 2
\& flags          string          pattern1
\& "im"           "%{d0}/%f"      "%a/%n %t.%e"
.Ve
.PP
The flag letters stand for \fIinterpolate\fR, \fImust_match\fR.  This
interpolates the string \f(CW"%{d0}/%f"\fR and parses the result (which is
the file name with one level of the directory part preserved) using
the given pattern; thus the directory name becomes the artist, the
leading numeric part \- the track number, and the rest of the file name
(without extension) \- the title.  Note that since multiple patterns
are allowed, one can similarly allow for multiple formats of the
names, e.g.
.PP
.Vb 1
\&  \-P "im=%{d0}/%f=%a/%n %t.%e=%a/%t (%y).%e"
.Ve
.PP
allows for the file basename to be also of the form \*(L"\s-1TITLE\s0 (\s-1YEAR\s0)\*(R".  An
alternative way to obtain the same results is
.PP
.Vb 1
\&  \-P "im=%{d0}=%a" \-P "im=%f=%n %t.%e=%t (%y).%e"
.Ve
.PP
which corresponds to two recipies:
.PP
.Vb 3
\& flags          string          pattern1        pattern2
\& "im"           "%{d0}"         "%a"
\& "im"           "%f"            "%n %t.%e"      "%t (%y).%e"
.Ve
.PP
Of course, one could use
.PP
.Vb 1
\& "im"           "%B"            "%n %t"         "%t (%y)"
.Ve
.PP
as a replacement for the second one.
.PP
Note that it may be more readable to set \fIartist\fR to \f(CW\*(C`%{d0}\*(C'\fR by an
explicit asignment, with arguments similar to
.PP
.Vb 1
\&  \-E "p/i:Fpa" \-a "%{d0}"
.Ve
.PP
(this value of \f(CW\*(C`\-E\*(C'\fR requests \f(CW\*(C`%\*(C'\fR\-interpolation of the option \f(CW\*(C`\-a\*(C'\fR
in addition to the default \f(CW\*(C`\e\*(C'\fR\-interpolation of \f(CW\*(C`\-p\*(C'\fR, and
\&\f(CW\*(C`%\*(C'\fR\-interpolation of \f(CW\*(C`\-F\*(C'\fR and \f(CW\*(C`\-p\*(C'\fR; one can shortcut it with \f(CW\*(C`\-E +/i:a\*(C'\fR).
.PP
To give more examples,
.PP
.Vb 1
\&  \-P "if=%D/.comment=%c"
.Ve
.PP
will read comment from the file \fI.comment\fR in the directory of the audio file;
.PP
.Vb 1
\&  \-P "ifn=%D/.comment=%c"
.Ve
.PP
has similar effect if the file \fI.comment\fR has one-line comments, one per
track (this assumes the the track number can be found by other means).
.PP
Suppose that a file \fIParts\fR in a directory of \s-1MP3\s0 files has the following
format: it has a preamble, then has a short paragraph of information per
audio file, preceded by the track number and dot:
.PP
.Vb 1
\&   ...
\&
\&   12. Rezitativ.
\&   (Pizarro, Rocco)
\&
\&   13. Duett: jetzt, Alter, jetzt hat es Eile, (Pizarro, Rocco)
\&
\&   ...
.Ve
.PP
The following command puts this info into the title of the \s-1ID3\s0 tag (provided
the audio file names are informative enough so that MP3::Tag can deduce the
track number):
.PP
.Vb 1
\& mp3info2 \-u \-C parse_split=\*(Aq\en(?=\ed+\e.)\*(Aq \-P \*(Aqfl;Parts;%=n. %t\*(Aq
.Ve
.PP
If this paragraph of information has the form \f(CW\*(C`TITLE (COMMENT)\*(C'\fR with the
\&\f(CW\*(C`COMMENT\*(C'\fR part being optional, then use
.PP
.Vb 1
\& mp3info2 \-u \-C parse_split=\*(Aq\en(?=\ed+\e.)\*(Aq \-P \*(Aqfl;Parts;%=n. %t (%c);%=n. %t\*(Aq
.Ve
.PP
If you want to remove a dot or a comma got into the end of the title, use
.PP
.Vb 2
\& mp3info2 \-u \-C parse_split=\*(Aq\en(?=\ed+\e.)\*(Aq \e
\&   \-P \*(Aqfl;Parts;%=n. %t (%c);%=n. %t\*(Aq \-P \*(AqiR;%t;%t[.,]$\*(Aq
.Ve
.PP
The second pattern of this invocation is converted to
.PP
.Vb 1
\&  [\*(AqiR\*(Aq, \*(Aq%t\*(Aq => \*(Aq%t[.,]$\*(Aq]
.Ve
.PP
which essentially applies the substitution \f(CW\*(C`s/(.*)[.,]$/$1/s\*(C'\fR to the title.
.PP
Now suppose that in addition to \fIParts\fR, we have a text file \fIComment\fR with
additional info; we want to put this info into the comment field \fIafter\fR
what is extracted from \f(CW\*(C`TITLE (COMMENT)\*(C'\fR; separate these two parts of
the comment by an empty line:
.PP
.Vb 3
\& mp3info2 \-E C \-C \*(Aqparse_split=\en(?=\ed+\e.)\*(Aq \-C \*(Aqparse_join=\en\en\*(Aq \e
\&  \-P \*(Aqf;Comment;%c\*(Aq           \-P \*(Aqfl;Parts;%=n. %t\*(Aq              \e
\&  \-P \*(Aqi;%t///%c;%t (%c)///%c\*(Aq \-P \*(AqiR;%t;%t[.,]$\*(Aq
.Ve
.PP
This assumes that the title and the comment do not contain \f(CW\*(Aq///\*(Aq\fR as a
substring.  Explanation: the first pattern of \f(CW\*(C`\-P\*(C'\fR,
.PP
.Vb 1
\&  [\*(Aqf\*(Aq, \*(AqComment\*(Aq => \*(Aq%c\*(Aq],
.Ve
.PP
reads comment from the file \f(CW\*(C`Comment\*(C'\fR into the comment field; the second,
.PP
.Vb 1
\&  [\*(Aqfl\*(Aq, \*(AqParts\*(Aq  => \*(Aq%=n. %t\*(Aq],
.Ve
.PP
reads a chunk of \f(CW\*(C`Parts\*(C'\fR into the title field.  The third one
.PP
.Vb 1
\&  [\*(Aqi\*(Aq, \*(Aq%t///%c\*(Aq => \*(Aq%t (%c)///%c\*(Aq]
.Ve
.PP
rearranges the title and comment \fIprovided\fR the title is of the form \f(CW\*(C`TITLE
(COMMENT)\*(C'\fR.  (The configuration option \f(CW\*(C`parse_join\*(C'\fR takes care of separating
two chunks of comment corresponding to two occurences of \f(CW%c\fR on the right
hand side.)
.PP
Finally, the fourth pattern is the same as in the preceding example; it
removes spurious punctuation at the end of the title.
.PP
More examples: removing string \*(L"with violin\*(R" from the start of the
comment field (removing comment altogether if nothing remains):
.PP
.Vb 1
\&  mp3info2 \-u \-P \*(Aqiz;%c;with violin%c\*(Aq *.mp3
.Ve
.PP
setting the artist field without letting auto-update feature deduce
other fields from other sources;
.PP
.Vb 1
\&  mp3info2 \-C autoinfo=ParseData \-a "A. U. Thor" *.mp3
.Ve
.PP
setting a comment field unless it it already present:
.PP
.Vb 1
\&  mp3info2 \-u \-P \*(Aqi;%c///with piano;///%c\*(Aq *.mp3
.Ve
.PP
The last example shows how to actually write \*(L"programs\*(R" in the
language of the \f(CW\*(C`\-P\*(C'\fR option: the example gives a conditional
assignment.  With user variables (as in \f(CW\*(C`%{U8}\*(C'\fR) for temporaries, and
a possibility to use regular expressions, one
could provide arbitrary programmatic logic.  Of course, at some level
of complexity one should better switch to direct interfacing with
\&\f(CW\*(C`MP3::Tag\*(C'\fR Perl module (use the code of this Perl script as an example!).
.PP
Here is a typical task setting \*(L"advanced\*(R" id3v2 frames: composer (\f(CW\*(C`TCOM\*(C'\fR),
orchestra (\f(CW\*(C`TPE2\*(C'\fR), conductor (\f(CW\*(C`TPE3\*(C'\fR).  We assume a directory tree which
contains \s-1MP3\s0 files tagged with the following conventions: \f(CW\*(C`artist\*(C'\fR is
actually a composer; \f(CW\*(C`comment\*(C'\fR is of one of two forms:
.PP
.Vb 2
\&  Performers; Orchestra; Conductor
\&  Orchestra; Conductor
.Ve
.PP
To set the specific \s-1MP3\s0 frames via \f(CW\*(C`\-P\*(C'\fR rules, use
.PP
.Vb 2
\&  mp3info2 \-@P "mi/@a/@{TCOM}" \e
\&    \-P "mi/@c/@{U1}; @{TPE2}; @{TPE3}/@{TPE2}; @{TPE3}" \-R .
.Ve
.PP
With \f(CW\*(C`\-F\*(C'\fR options, this can be simplified as
.PP
.Vb 1
\&  mp3info2 \-@F "TCOM=@a" \-P "mi/@c/@{U1}; @{TPE2}; @{TPE3}/@{TPE2}; @{TPE3}" \-R .
.Ve
.PP
or
.PP
.Vb 1
\&  mp3info2 \-@F "composer=@a" \-P "mi/@c/@{U1}; @{TPE2}; @{TPE3}/@{TPE2}; @{TPE3}" \-R .
.Ve
.PP
To copy \s-1ID3\s0 tags of \s-1MP3\s0 files in the current directory to files in directory
\&\fI/tmp/mp3\fR with the extension \fI.tag\fR (and print \*(L"progress report\*(R"), use
.PP
.Vb 1
\&  mp3info2 \-p "@N@E\en" \-@P "bODi,@{ID3v2}@{ID3v1},/tmp/mp3/@N.tag" \-DNR .
.Ve
.PP
Since we did not use \f(CW\*(C`z\*(C'\fR flag, \s-1MP3\s0 files without tags are skipped.
.PP
Now suppose that there are two parallel file hierarchies of audio files,
and of lyrics: audio files are in \fIaudio/dir_name/audio_name.mp3\fR with
corresponding lyrics file in \fItext/dir_name/audio_name.mp3\fR.  To attach
lyrics to \s-1MP3\s0 files (in \f(CW\*(C`COMM\*(C'\fR frame with description \f(CW\*(C`lyrics\*(C'\fR in language
\&\f(CW\*(C`eng\*(C'\fR \- \fIthis is a non-standard location, see below!\fR), call
.PP
.Vb 1
\&  mp3info2 \-@P "fim;../text/@{d0}/@B.txt;@{COMM(eng)[lyrics]}" \-Ru .
.Ve
.PP
inside the directory \fIaudio\fR.  (Change \f(CW\*(C`fim\*(C'\fR to \f(CW\*(C`Ffim\*(C'\fR to ignore
the audio files for which the corresponding text file does not exist.)
(Of course, to follow the specifications, one should have used the
field \f(CW"%{USLT(eng)[]}"\fR instead of \f(CW"%{COMM(eng)[lyrics]}"\fR; see below
for variations).
.PP
Finish by a very simple example: all what the pattern
.PP
.Vb 1
\&  \-P \*(Aqi;%t;%t\*(Aq
.Ve
.PP
does is removal of trailing and leading blanks from the title (which
is deduced by other means).
.SH "More examples"
.IX Header "More examples"
With \f(CW\*(C`\-F\*(C'\fR option, one could set the \f(CW\*(C`USLT\*(C'\fR frame as
.PP
.Vb 1
\&  mp3info2 \-@F "USLT(eng)[] < ../text/@{d0}/@B.txt" \-Ru .
.Ve
.PP
Print out such a frame (in any language) with
.PP
.Vb 1
\&  mp3info2 \-@p "@{USLT[]}\en" file.mp3
.Ve
.PP
Similarly, to print out the \s-1APIC\s0 frame with empty description, use
.PP
.Vb 1
\&  mp3info2 \-e binary \-@p "@{APIC[]}" file.mp3 > output_picture_file
.Ve
.PP
or (with description \*(L"cover\*(R")
.PP
.Vb 1
\&  mp3info2 \-@P "bOi,@{APIC[cover]},output_picture_file.jpg" audio_07.mp3
.Ve
.PP
To set such a frame from file \fIxxx.gif\fR (with the default \f(CW\*(C`Picture Type\*(C'\fR,
\&\f(CW"Cover (front)"\fR, and empty description), do one of
.PP
.Vb 2
\&  mp3info2 \-F  "APIC  <          xxx.gif"  file.mp3
\&  mp3info2 \-@F "APIC[]=@{I(fimbB)xxx.gif}" file.mp3
.Ve
.PP
The difference of \f(CW\*(C`APIC\*(C'\fR and \f(CW\*(C`APIC[]\*(C'\fR is that the first removes all
\&\f(CW\*(C`APIC\*(C'\fR frames first, and the second removes only all \f(CW\*(C`APIC\*(C'\fR frames with
empty description \- but arbitrary image type.  So it may be more suitable
to use the full specification, as in \f(CW\*(C`APIC(Cover (front))[]\*(C'\fR.
.PP
To remove \f(CW\*(C`APIC\*(C'\fR frames with empty descriptions, arbitrary \f(CW\*(C`Picture Type\*(C'\fRs
(and \f(CW\*(C`MIME type\*(C'\fRs which may be correctly calculated by \fImp3info2\fR, e.g.,
\&\f(CW\*(C`TIFF/JPEG/GIF/PNG\*(C'\fR), use
.PP
.Vb 1
\&  mp3info2 \-d "APIC[]" file.mp3
.Ve
.PP
(note that this wouldn't free disk space, unless \*(L"shrink\*(R" is forced by
configuration variables).  To do the same with the \*(L"Conductor\*(R" picture type
only, do
.PP
.Vb 1
\&  mp3info2 \-d "APIC(Conductor)[]" file.mp3
.Ve
.PP
To scan through subdirectories, and add file \fIcover.jpg\fR from the
directory of the file as a \*(L"default\*(R" \f(CW\*(C`APIC\*(C'\fR frame, but only if there
is no \f(CW\*(C`APIC\*(C'\fR frame, and a file exists, do
.PP
.Vb 1
\&  mp3info2 \-@F "APIC ?< @D/cover.jpg" \-R .
.Ve
.PP
This deletes empty frames for date, \f(CW\*(C`TCOP, TENC, WXXX[], COMM(eng)[]\*(C'\fR, and
removes the leading 0 from track number from \s-1MP3\s0 file in current directory:
.PP
.Vb 3
\&  mp3info2 \-@ \-E +/i:y \-F "TCOP=@{TCOP}" \-F "TENC=@{TENC}"
\&    \-F "WXXX[]=@{WXXX[]}" \-F "COMM(eng)[]=@{COMM(eng)[]}"
\&    \-y "@y" \-P "mi/@n/0@n/@n" *.mp3
.Ve
.SH "Examples on dealing with broken encodings"
.IX Header "Examples on dealing with broken encodings"
One of principal weaknesses of \s-1ID3\s0 specification was that it required that
data is provided in \f(CW\*(C`latin\-1\*(C'\fR encoding.  Since most languages in the world
are not expressible in \f(CW\*(C`latin\-1\*(C'\fR, this lead to (majority?) of \s-1ID3\s0 tags being
not standard-conforming.  Newer versions of the specs fixed this shortcoming,
but the damage was already done.  Fortunately, this script can use abilities
of \f(CW\*(C`MP3::Tag\*(C'\fR to convert from non-conforming content
to a conforming one.
.PP
The following example converts ID3v2 tags which were written in
(non-standard-conforming) encoding \f(CW\*(C`cp1251\*(C'\fR to be in
standard-conforming encoding.  For the purpose of this example, assume that
ID3v1 tags are in the same encoding (and that one wants to leave them in the
encoding \f(CW\*(C`cp1251\*(C'\fR); the files to process are found in the current directory
and (recursively) in its subdirectories (\f(CW\*(C`set\*(C'\fR syntax for \s-1DOSISH\s0 shells):
.PP
.Vb 3
\&  set MP3TAG_DECODE_V1_DEFAULT=cp1251
\&  set MP3TAG_DECODE_V2_DEFAULT=cp1251
\&  mp3info2 \-C id3v2_fix_encoding_on_write=1 \-u2R .
.Ve
.PP
For more information, see \*(L"\s-1ENVIRONMENT\*(R"\s0 in MP3::Tag, \*(L"config\*(R" in MP3::Tag,
and \*(L"\s-1CUSTOMIZATION\*(R"\s0 in MP3::Tag.
.SH "INCOMPATIBILITIES with \fImp3info\fP"
.IX Header "INCOMPATIBILITIES with mp3info"
This tool is loosely modeled on the program \fImp3info\fR; it is \*(L"mostly\*(R"
backward compatible (especially when in \*(L"naive\*(R" mode via \f(CW\*(C`\-N\*(C'\fR), and
allows a very significant superset of functionality.  Known backward
incompatibilities are:
.PP
.Vb 1
\&  \-G \-h \-r \-d \-x
.Ve
.PP
Missing functionality:
.PP
.Vb 1
\&  \-f \-F \-i
.Ve
.PP
Incompatible \f(CW\*(C`%\*(C'\fR\-\fIescapes\fR:
.PP
.Vb 5
\&  %e %E         \- absolutely different semantic
\&  %v            \- has no trailing 0s
\&  %q            \- has fractional part
\&  %r            \- is a number, not a word "Variable" for VBR
\&  %u            \- is one less (in presence of descriptor frame only?)
.Ve
.PP
Missing \f(CW\*(C`%\*(C'\fR\-\fIescapes\fR:
.PP
.Vb 1
\&  %b %G
.Ve
.PP
Backslash escapes: only \f(CW\*(C`\e\e\*(C'\fR, \f(CW\*(C`\en\*(C'\fR, \f(CW\*(C`\et\*(C'\fR supported.
.PP
\&\f(CW\*(C`\-x\*(C'\fR prints data in a different format, not all fields are present, and
ID3v2 tag names are output.
.SH "ENVIRONMENT"
.IX Header "ENVIRONMENT"
With \f(CW\*(C`\-e\*(C'\fR above 0, this script may consult environment variables
\&\f(CW\*(C`LC_CTYPE, LC_ALL, LANG\*(C'\fR to deduce the current encoding.  Moreover,
we try to auto-detect the \f(CW\*(C`UTF\-8\*(C'\fR encoding via \f(CW\*(C`LANG\*(C'\fR environment
variable (disabled if \f(CW\*(C`${^UNICODE}\*(C'\fR sets translation of the command-line
arguments).  (This auto-detection may be switched off by the variable
\&\f(CW\*(C`MP3INFO_DECODE_ARGV_DEFAULT_RESET\*(C'\fR.)  The
effects of the variable \f(CW\*(C`MP3TAG_NORMALIZE_FIELDS\*(C'\fR is described in
the section \*(L"Normalization of fields\*(R".  No other environment
variables are directly read by this script.
.PP
Note however, that MP3::Tag module has a rich set of defaults for
encoding settings settable by environment variables; see
\&\*(L"\s-1ENVIRONMENT\*(R"\s0 in MP3::Tag.  So these variables affect (indirectly) how
this script works.  In particular, starting with v1.14, there is an
autodetection of encoding of setup files (which this script uses for
the \f(CW\*(C`\-P\*(C'\fR option).  (However, this autodetection may be switched off.)
.SH "OBSOLETE INTERFACE"
.IX Header "OBSOLETE INTERFACE"
If you do not understand what it is about, it is safe to ignore this
announcement:
.PP
The old, pre\-version=\f(CW1.05\fR way (by triplication of a separator, without
repetition of options) to provide multiple commands to \f(CW\*(C`\-F\*(C'\fR and <\-P>
options is still supported, but is strongly discouraged.  (It does not
conflict with the current interface.)
.SH "AUTHOR"
.IX Header "AUTHOR"
Ilya Zakharevich <cpan@ilyaz.org>.
.SH "Utilities to create CDDB file"
.IX Header "Utilities to create CDDB file"
Good \s-1CD\s0 reapers (e.g., \fIcdda2wav\fR with option \f(CW\*(C`cddb=0\*(C'\fR) create a
\&\s-1CDDB\s0 file with fetched information \- as far as an Internet connection is
present.  However, if not available, other options exist.
.PP
The scripts (supplied with the distribution in
\&\fI./examples\fR) can create a \*(L"stub\*(R" \s-1CDDB\s0 file basing on:
.IP "\fIfulltoc2fake_cddb.pl\fR" 23
.IX Item "fulltoc2fake_cddb.pl"
a dump of a full \s-1TOC\s0 of a \s-1CD\s0; create one, e.g., by
.Sp
.Vb 1
\&  readcd \-fulltoc dev=0,1,0 \-f=audiocd
.Ve
.IP "\fIinf2fake_cddb.pl\fR" 23
.IX Item "inf2fake_cddb.pl"
directory of \fI*.inf\fR files (e.g., created by \fIcdda2wav\fR without
Internet connection);
.IP "\fIdir_mp3_2fake_cddb.pl\fR" 23
.IX Item "dir_mp3_2fake_cddb.pl"
a directory of \s-1MP3\s0 files ripped from a \s-1CD\s0 (via some guesswork).
.PP
Passing this stub to the script \fIcddb2cddb.pl\fR, it can be transformed
to a \*(L"filled\*(R" \s-1CDDB\s0 file via a connection to some online database.  Use
\&\f(CW\*(C`\-r\*(C'\fR option if multiple records in the database match the \s-1CD\s0
signature.
.PP
.Vb 3
\&  fulltoc2fake_cddb audiocd.toc | cddb2cddb     > audio.cddb
\&  inf_2fake_cddb                | cddb2cddb     > audio.cddb
\&  dir_mp3_2fake_cddb            | cddb2cddb \-r3 > audio.cddb # 3rd record
.Ve
.PP
When such a \s-1CDDB\s0 file is present, it will be used by MP3::Tag
module to deduce the information about an audio file.  This information
is (by default, transparently) used by this script.
.SH "SEE ALSO"
.IX Header "SEE ALSO"
MP3::Tag, MP3::Tag::ParseData, audio_rename, typeset_audio_dir