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APC_MODBUS(8) NUT Manual APC_MODBUS(8)

NAME

apc_modbus - Driver for APC Smart-UPS Modbus protocol

SUPPORTED HARDWARE

Generally this driver should work for all the APC Modbus UPS devices. Some devices might expose more than is currently supported, like multiple phases. A general rule of thumb is that APC devices (or firmware versions) released after 2010 are more likely to support Modbus than the USB HID standard.

Tested with the following hardware:

•SMT1500 (Smart-UPS 1500, Firmware 9.6)

•SMX750 (Smart-UPS X 750, Firmware 10.1)

•SMX1500 (Smart-UPS X 1500, Firmware 15.0)

Note that you will have to enable Modbus communication. In the front panel of the UPS, go to Advanced Menu mode, under Configuration and enable Modbus.


Note

This driver was tested with Serial, TCP and USB interfaces for Modbus. Notably, the Serial ports are not available on all devices nowadays; the TCP support may require a purchase of an additional network management card; and the USB support currently requires a non-standard build of libmodbus (pull request against the upstream library is pending, as of at the time of this publication) as a pre-requisite to building NUT with this part of the support. For more details (including how to build the custom library and NUT with it) please see NUT PR #2063


Note

As currently published, this driver supports reading information from the UPS. Implementation of support to write (set modifiable variables or send commands) is expected with a later release. This can impact the host shutdown routines in particular (no ability to actively tell the UPS to power off or cycle in the end). As a workaround, you can try integrating apctest (from the "apcupsd" project) with a "Test to kill power" into your late-shutdown procedure, if needed.

EXTRA ARGUMENTS

This driver also supports the following optional settings:

port = string

Some value must be set, typically auto.


Note
This could be a device filesystem path like /dev/usb/hiddev0 but current use of libusb API precludes knowing and matching by such identifiers. They may also be inherently unreliable (dependent on re-plugging and enumeration order). At this time the actual value is ignored, but syntactically some port configuration must still be there.

It is possible to control multiple UPS units simultaneously by running several instances of this driver, provided they can be uniquely distinguished by setting some combination of the vendor, product, vendorid, productid, serial, bus and/or device options detailed below. For devices or operating systems that do not provide sufficient information, the allow_duplicates option can be of use (limited and risky!)

vendorid = regex, productid = regex, vendor = regex, product = regex, serial = regex

Select a specific UPS, in case there is more than one connected via USB. Each option specifies an extended regular expression (see regex(7) for more information on regular expressions), which must match the UPS’s entire respective vendor/product/serial string (minus any surrounding whitespace), or the whole 4-digit hexadecimal code for vendorid and productid.

Try lsusb(8) or running this NUT driver with -DD command-line argument for finding out the strings to match.

Examples:

•-x vendor="Foo.Corporation.*"

•-x vendorid="051d*" (APC)

•-x product=".*(Smart|Back)-?UPS.*"

bus = regex

Select a UPS on a specific USB bus or group of buses. The argument is a regular expression that must match the bus name where the UPS is connected (e.g. bus="002" or bus="00[2-3]") as seen on Linux in /sys/bus/usb/devices or lsusb(8); including leading zeroes.

device = regex

Select a UPS on a specific USB device or group of devices. The argument is a regular expression that must match the device name where the UPS is connected (e.g. device="001" or device="00[1-2]") as seen on Linux in /sys/bus/usb/devices or lsusb(8); including leading zeroes.


Note
device numbers are not guaranteed by the OS to be stable across re-boots or device re-plugging.

busport = regex

If supported by the hardware, OS and libusb on the particular deployment, this option should allow to specify physical port numbers on an USB hub, rather than logical device enumeration values, and in turn — this should be less volatile across reboots or re-plugging. The value may be seen in the USB topology output of lsusb -tv on systems with that tool, for example.


Note
this option is not practically supported by some NUT builds (it should be ignored with a warning then), and not by all systems that NUT can run on.

allow_duplicates

If you have several UPS devices which may not be uniquely identified by the options above (e.g. only VID:PID can be discovered there), this flag allows each driver instance where it is set to take the first match if available, or proceed to try another.

Normally the driver initialization would abort at this point claiming "Resource busy" or similar error, assuming that the otherwise properly matched device is unique — and some other process already handles it.


Warning
This feature is inherently non-deterministic! The association of driver instance name to actual device may vary between runs!

If you only care to know that at least one of your no-name UPSes is online, this option can help.

If you must really know which one, it will not!

usb_set_altinterface = bAlternateSetting

Force redundant call to usb_set_altinterface(), especially if needed for devices serving multiple USB roles where the UPS is not represented by the interface number 0 (default).

porttype=value

Set the type of the port used. Available values are serial for RS232/485 based connections, tcp for TCP/IP connections and usb for USB connections.

port=value

Depending on the port type you can select a port here. For usb only auto is supported, for serial you can pass a device path like /dev/ttyS0 and for tcp you can pass a hostname with optional port like example.com:502.

baudrate=num

Set the speed of the serial connection. The default baudrate is 9600.

parity=value

Set the parity of the serial connection. Available values are N for none, E for even and O for odd. The default parity is N (none).

databits=num

Set the data bits of the serial connection. The default databits is 8.

stopbits=num

Set the stop bits of the serial connection. The default stopbits is 1.

slaveid=num

Set the Modbus slave id. The default slave id is 1.

response_timeout_ms=num

Set the Modbus response timeout. The default timeout is set by libmodbus. It can be good to set a higher timeout on TCP connections with high latency.

AUTHORS

•Axel Gembe <axel@gembe.net>

SEE ALSO

The core driver

nutupsdrv(8), ups.conf(5)

Internet resources

The NUT (Network UPS Tools) home page: https://www.networkupstools.org/

12/10/2023 Network UPS Tools 2.8.1