NAME¶

nbdkit-info-plugin - serve client and server information

SYNOPSIS¶

 nbdkit info [mode=]exportname|base64exportname|address|
                    time|uptime|conntime

DESCRIPTION¶

"nbdkit-info-plugin" is a test plugin which serves information about the client and server in a disk image back to the client.

In its default mode ("mode=exportname") it converts the export name passed from the client into a disk image. "mode=base64exportname" is similar except the client must base64-encode the data in the export name, allowing arbitrary binary data to be sent (see "EXAMPLES" below to make this clearer). Export names are limited to 4096 bytes by the NBD protocol, although some clients have smaller limits.

"mode=address" creates a disk which contains the client's IP address and port number as a string.

"mode=time", "mode=uptime" and "mode=conntime" report server wallclock time, nbdkit uptime, or time since the connection was opened respectively and may be used to measure latency.

The plugin only supports read-only access. To make the disk writable, add nbdkit-cow-filter(1) on top.

EXAMPLES¶

Create a “reflection disk”. By setting the export name to "hello" when we open it, a virtual disk of only 5 bytes containing these characters is created. We then display the contents:

 $ nbdkit --exit-with-parent info mode=exportname &
 $ nbdsh -u 'nbd://localhost/hello' -c - <<'EOF'
 size = h.get_size()
 print("size = %d" % size)
 buf = h.pread(size, 0)
 print("buf = %r" % buf)
 EOF

 size = 5
 buf = b"hello"

By running the info plugin, you can pass whole bootable VMs on the qemu command line:

 $ nbdkit info mode=base64exportname
 $ qemu-system-x86_64 \
   -drive 'snapshot=on,file.driver=nbd,file.host=localhost,file.port=10809,file.export=
 tACwA80QtBOzCrABuRwAtgCyAL0ZfM0Q9CoqKiBIZWxsbyBmcm9tIG5iZGtp
 dCEgKioqDQoAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
 AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
 AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
 AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
 AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
 AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
 AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
 AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
 AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
 AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
 AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAVao=
 '

Another use for the info plugin is to send back the client's IP address:

 $ nbdkit info mode=address
 $ nbdsh -u 'nbd://localhost' -c 'print(h.pread(h.get_size(), 0))'

which will print something like:

 b'[::1]:58912'

This plugin can also return the wallclock time:

 $ nbdkit info time --run 'nbdsh -u "$uri" -c "sys.stdout.buffer.write(h.pread(12,0))" | hexdump -C'
 00000000  00 00 00 00 5d 8f 24 c7  00 04 24 01
                      └─────┬─────┘
                          ┌─┘
                          │
 $ date --date="@$(( 0x5d8f24c7 ))"
 Sat 28 Sep 10:15:51 BST 2019

or the nbdkit server uptime:

 $ nbdkit info uptime --run 'nbdsh -u "$uri" -c "sys.stdout.buffer.write(h.pread(12,0))" | hexdump -C'
 00000000  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 60 4b
                                         └──┬──┘
                                   0x604b is about 25ms

or the time since the client opened the connection:

 $ nbdkit info conntime --run 'nbdsh -u "$uri" -c "sys.stdout.buffer.write(h.pread(12,0))" | hexdump -C'
 00000000  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  00 00 00 e0
                                            └─┬─┘
                                     0xe0 is about 200μs

PARAMETERS¶

[mode=]address

Send the client's IP address and client port number as a string in the usual format. For Unix sockets this sets the disk to the string "unix" to avoid leaking host paths.

This mode is only supported on some platforms. You can find out if it is supported by checking if:

 $ nbdkit info --dump-plugin
    

contains:

 info_address=yes
    

[mode=]base64exportname

Send the export name passed by the client, assuming the client string is base64 encoded.

This mode is only supported if nbdkit was compiled with GnuTLS ≥ 3.6.0. You can find out by checking if:

 $ nbdkit info --dump-plugin
    

contains:

 info_base64=yes
    

[mode=]exportname

Send the raw export name passed by the client. Note the export name cannot contain ASCII NUL characters.

This is the default mode.

[mode=]time

Reflect server wallclock time as seconds and microseconds since the Epoch (see gettimeofday(2)):

 ┌────────┬────────┬────────────┬──────────────────────┐
 │ offset │ length │ format     │ field                │
 ╞════════╪════════╪════════════╪══════════════════════╡
 │   0    │    8   │ 64 bit int │ seconds              │
 │        │        │ big endian │                      │
 ├────────┼────────┼────────────┼──────────────────────┤
 │   8    │    4   │ 32 bit int │ microseconds         │
 │        │        │ big endian │                      │
 └────────┴────────┴────────────┴──────────────────────┘
    

To be able to read this atomically you must read the whole 12 bytes in a single request.

Note that exposing server time may be insecure. It is safer to use "mode=uptime" or "mode=conntime" instead.

[mode=]uptime

Reflect nbdkit uptime in seconds and microseconds (ie. both fields are 0 immediately after nbdkit starts, although a client would never be able to observe this). The format is exactly the same as for "mode=time" above.

In the current implementation this can jump forwards or backwards discontinuously if the server time is adjusted. In future we may fix this bug.

[mode=]conntime

Reflect time since the NBD client connection was opened in seconds and microseconds. The format is exactly the same as for "mode=time" above.

In the current implementation this can jump forwards or backwards discontinuously if the server time is adjusted. In future we may fix this bug.

"mode=" is a magic config key and may be omitted in most cases. See "Magic parameters" in nbdkit(1).

FILES¶

$plugindir/nbdkit-info-plugin.so

The plugin.

Use "nbdkit --dump-config" to find the location of $plugindir.

VERSION¶

"nbdkit-info-plugin" first appeared in nbdkit 1.16.

SEE ALSO¶

nbdkit(1), nbdkit-plugin(3), nbdkit-cow-filter(1), nbdkit-data-plugin(1).

AUTHORS¶

Richard W.M. Jones

COPYRIGHT¶

Copyright (C) 2019 Red Hat Inc.

LICENSE¶

Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:

• Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
• Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
• Neither the name of Red Hat nor the names of its contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software without specific prior written permission.

THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY RED HAT AND CONTRIBUTORS ''AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL RED HAT OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.