Scroll to navigation

CSV(3pm) User Contributed Perl Documentation CSV(3pm)

NAME

Class::CSV - Class based CSV parser/writer

SYNOPSIS

  use Class::CSV;
  my $csv = Class::CSV->parse(
    filename => 'test.csv',
    fields   => [qw/item qty sub_total/]
  );
  foreach my $line (@{$csv->lines()}) {
    $line->sub_total('$'. sprintf("%0.2f", $line->sub_total()));
    print 'Item:     '. $line->item(). "\n".
          'Qty:      '. $line->qty(). "\n".
          'SubTotal: '. $line->sub_total(). "\n";
  }
  my $cvs_as_string = $csv->string();
  $csv->print();
  my $csv = Class::CSV->new(
    fields         => [qw/userid username/],
    line_separator => "\r\n";
  );
  $csv->add_line([2063, 'testuser']);
  $csv->add_line({
    userid   => 2064,
    username => 'testuser2'
  });

DESCRIPTION

This module can be used to create objects from CSV files, or to create CSV files from objects. Text::CSV_XS is used for parsing and creating CSV file lines, so any limitations in Text::CSV_XS will of course be inherant in this module.

EXPORT

None by default.

METHOD

CONSTRUCTOR

the parse constructor takes a hash as its paramater, the various options that can be in this hash are detailed below.
•
fields - an array ref containing the list of field names to use for each row. there are some reserved words that cannot be used as field names, there is no checking done for this at the moment but it is something to be aware of. the reserved field names are as follows: "string", "set", "get". also field names cannot contain whitespace or any characters that would not be allowed in a method name.
  • filename - the path of the CSV file to be opened and parsed.
  • filehandle - the file handle of the CSV file to be parsed.
  • objects - an array ref of objects (e.g. Class::DBI objects). for this to work properly the field names provided in fields needs to correspond to the field names of the objects in the array ref.
  • classdbi_objects - depreciated use objects instead - using classdbi_objects will still work but its advisable to update your code.
•
line_separator - the line seperator to be included at the end of every line. defaulting to "\n" (unix carriage return).
the new constructor takes a hash as its paramater, the same options detailed in parse apply to new however no Source Options can be used. this constructor creates a blank CSV object of which lines can be added via add_line.

ACCESSING

returns an array ref containing objects of each CSV line (made via Class::Accessor). the field names given upon construction are available as accessors and can be set or get. for more information please see the notes below or the perldoc for Class::Accessor. the lines accessor is also able to be updated/retrieved in the same way as individual lines fields (examples below).
retrieving the lines:

  my @lines = @{$csv->lines()};

removing the first line:

  pop @lines;
  $csv->lines(\@lines);

sorting the lines:

  @lines = sort { $a->userid() <=> $b->userid() } @lines:
  $csv->lines(\@lines);

sorting the lines (all-in-one way):

  $csv->lines([ sort { $a->userid() <=> $b->userid() } @{$csv->lines()} ]);
there is two ways to retrieve a fields value (as documented in Class::Accessor). firstly you can call the field name on the object and secondly you can call "get" on the object with the field name as the argument (multiple field names can be specified to retrieve an array of values). examples are below.

  my $value = $line->test();

OR

  my $value = $line->get('test');

OR

  my @values = $line->get(qw/test test2 test3/);
setting a fields value is simmilar to getting a fields value. there are two ways to set a fields value (as documented in Class::Accessor). firstly you can simply call the field name on the object with the value as the argument or secondly you can call "set" on the object with a hash of fields and their values to set (this isn't standard in Class::Accessor, i have overloaded the "set" method to allow this). examples are below.

  $line->test('123');

OR

  $line->set( test => '123' );

OR

  $line->set(
    test  => '123',
    test2 => '456'
  );
to retrieve a line as a string simply call "string" on the object.

  my $string = $line->string();
returns a new line object, this can be useful for to "splice" a line into lines (see example below). you can pass the values of the line as an ARRAY ref or a HASH ref.
  my $line = $csv->new_line({ userid => 123, domainname => 'splicey.com' });
  my @lines = $csv->lines();
  splice(@lines, 1, 0, $line);

OR

  splice(@{$csv->lines()}, 1, 0, $csv->new_line({ userid => 123, domainname => 'splicey.com' }));
adds a line to the lines stack. this is mainly useful when the new constructor is used but can of course be used with any constructor. it will add a new line to the end of the lines stack. you can pass the values of the line as an ARRAY ref or a HASH ref. examples of how to use this are below.
  $csv->add_line(['house', 100000, 4]);
  $csv->add_line({
    item     => 'house',
    cost     => 100000,
    bedrooms => 4
  });

OUTPUT

returns the object as a string (CSV file format).
calls "print" on string (prints the CSV to STDOUT).

SEE ALSO

Text::CSV_XS, Class::Accessor

AUTHOR

David Radunz, <david@boxen.net>

COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE

Copyright 2004 by David Radunz

This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the same terms as Perl itself.

2024-07-11 perl v5.38.2