SPATCH(1) | General Commands Manual | SPATCH(1) |
NAME¶
spatch - apply a semantic patch file to a set of C files
SYNOPSIS¶
spatch --sp-file <SP> <files> [-o <outfile> ] [--iso-file <iso> ] [ options ]
DESCRIPTION¶
spatch is a program matching and transformation tool for C. The programmer describes the code to match and the transformation to perform as a semantic patch, which looks like a standard patch, but can transform multiple files at any number of code sites.
Further information about spatch is available at https://coccinelle.gitlabpages.inria.fr/website/.
Semantic patch examples can be found at http://coccinellery.org/, and at the scripts/coccinelle directory of the Linux Kernel source code.
OPTIONS¶
Here is a summary of the most commonly used options (also see the "Configuration Mechanism" section below):
- --sp-file <file>
- the semantic patch file
- --dir <dir>
- process all files in directory recursively
- --iso-file <file>
- (default=/usr/lib/coccinelle/standard.iso)
- --macro-file <file>
- (default=/usr/lib/coccinelle/standard.h)
- --debug
- print some information to help debug the matching process
- --all-includes
- causes all available include files to be used
- --no-includes
- causes not even local include files to be used
- -I <dir>
- the directory containing the include files
- --include-headers
- process header files independently
- --use-glimpse
- works with --dir, use information generated by glimpseindex
- -o <file>
- the output file. If none is specified, a patch is generated on the standard output
- --in-place
- do the modification on the file directly
- --out-place
- store modifications in a .cocci_res file
- --version
- show the version of spatch
- --date
- show the date on which spatch was compiled
- --shorthelp
- see short list of options
- --longhelp
- see all the available options in different categories
- -help, --help
- show summary of options.
EXAMPLES¶
./spatch --sp-file foo.cocci foo.c
Apply the semantic patch foo.cocci to the C file foo.c. The semantic patch is applied modulo a set of isomorphisms contained in standard.iso (standard.iso is by default located in /usr/lib/coccinelle/standard.iso). A patch showing the effect of the application, if any, will be generated on the standard output.
./spatch --sp-file foo.cocci foo.c -o /tmp/newfoo.c
The same as the above, except that a modified version of foo.c is stored in /tmp/newfoo.c.
It is also possible to apply spatch to all of the C files in a directory:
./spatch --cocci-file foo.cocci --dir foodir
If the semantic patch is not working as expected, the option --debug shows selection of information about the application of a semantic patch to a file or directory.
MORE OPTIONS¶
- --sp-file
- <file> the semantic patch file
- -o
- <file> the output file
- --in-place
- do the modification on the file directly
- --backup-suffix
- suffix to use when making a backup for inplace
- --out-place
- store modifications in a .cocci_res file
- --reverse
- invert the semantic patch before applying it
- -U
- set number of diff context lines
- --partial-match
- report partial matches of the SP on the C file
- --iso-file
- <file> (default=/usr/local/lib/coccinelle/standard.iso)
- --macro-file
- <file>
- --macro-file-builtins
- <file> (default=/usr/local/lib/coccinelle/standard.h)
- --recursive-includes
- causes all available include files, both those included in the C file(s) and those included in header files, to be used
- --all-includes
- causes all available include files included in the C file(s) to be used
- --no-includes
- causes not even local include files to be used
- --local-includes
- causes local include files to be used
- --ignore-unknown-options
- For integration in a toolchain (must be set before the first unknown option)
- --include-headers
- process header files independently
- -I
- <dir> containing the header files (optional)
- --preprocess
- run the C preprocessor before applying the semantic match
- -c
- gcc/cpp compatibility mode
- --dir
- <dir> process all files in directory recursively
- --use-glimpse
- works with --dir, use info generated by glimpseindex
- --use-idutils
- find relevant files using id-utils
- --patch
- <dir> path name with respect to which a patch should be created
- "" for a file in the current directory
- --kbuild-info
- <file> improve --dir by grouping related c files
- --pyoutput
- Sets output routine: Default value: coccilib.output.Console
- --version
- guess what
- --date
- guess what
- --shorthelp
- see short list of options
- --longhelp
- see all the available options in different categories
- --sp
- command line semantic patch
- --iso
- short option of --iso-file
- --cocci-file
- <file> the semantic patch file
--show-diff
--no-show-diff
- --force-diff
- show diff even if only spacing changes
--show-flow
--ctl-inline-let
--ctl-show-mcodekind
--show-bindings
--show-transinfo
--show-misc
- --show-trying
- show the name of each function being processed
- --show-dependencies
- show the dependencies related to each rule
--verbose-ctl-engine
--verbose-match
--verbose-engine
- --graphical-trace
- generate a pdf file representing the matching process
- --gt-without-label
- remove graph label (requires option -graphical-trace)
--parse-error-msg
--verbose-parsing
--type-error-msg
--show-c
--show-cocci
--show-before-fixed-flow
--show-ctl-tex
--show-ctl-text
--show-SP
--debug-cpp
--debug-lexer
--debug-etdt
--debug-typedef
- --filter-msg
- filter some cpp message when the macro is a "known" cpp construct
--filter-define-error
- --filter-msg-define-error
- filter the error msg
--filter-passed-level
--debug-unparsing
--quiet
--very-quiet
--debug
--pad
- --profile
- gather timing information about the main coccinelle functions
- --bench
- <level> for profiling the CTL engine
- --timeout
- <sec> timeout in seconds
- --steps
- max number of model checking steps per code unit
- --iso-limit
- max depth of iso application
- --no-iso-limit
- disable limit on max depth of iso application
- --track-iso
- gather information about isomorphism usage
- --disable-iso
- disable a specific isomorphism
- --profile-iso
- gather information about the cost of isomorphism usage
- --keep-comments
- keep comments around removed code
--loop
- --no-loops
- drop all back edges derived from looping constructs - unsafe
- --no-gotos
- drop all jumps derived from gotos - unsafe
- --no-saved-typedefs
- drop all inferred typedefs from one parse of some code to the next
- --ocaml-regexps
- use OCaml Str regular expressions for constraints
--l1
- --ifdef-to-if
- convert ifdef to if (experimental)
- --no-ifdef-to-if
- convert ifdef to if (experimental)
--disable-multi-pass
--noif0-passing
--defined
--undefined
--noadd-typedef-root
- --disallow-nested-exps
- disallow an expression pattern from matching a term and its subterm
--disable-worth-trying-opt
--only-return-is-error-exitif this flag is not set, then break and continue are also error exits
- --allow-inconsistent-paths
- if this flag is set don't check for inconsistent paths; dangerous
- --no-safe-expressions
- make an expression disjunction not prioritise the topmost disjunct
- --int-bits
- the number of bits in an unsigned int
- --long-bits
- the number of bits in an unsigned long
- --linux-spacing
- spacing of + code follows the conventions of Linux
- --smpl-spacing
- spacing of + code follows the semantic patch
- -D
- indicate that a virtual rule should be considered to be matched
- --c++
- make a small attempt to parse C++ files. The supported extensions for source files are .cpp, .cxx, .cc, and for header files are .h, .hpp and .hxx. Note that this option disables the processing of .c files as Coccinelle behaviour is different for C++.
- --debugger
- option to set if launch spatch in ocamldebug
- --disable-once
- to print more messages
- --show-trace-profile
- show trace
--save-tmp-files
- --index
- the processor to use for this run of spatch
- --max
- the number of processors available
- --mod-distrib
- use mod to distribute files among the processors
- --use-cache
- use .ast_raw pre-parsed cached C file
- --cache-prefix
- directory of cached ASTs, sets --use-cache
- --cache-limit
- maximum number of cached ASTs, sets --use-cache
- TEST MODE AND TEST OPTIONS (WORKS WITH TESTS/ OR .OK FILES)
- The test options don't work with the --sp-file and so on.
- --test
- <file> launch spatch on tests/file.[c,cocci]
- --testall
- launch spatch on all files in tests/ having a .res
- --test-okfailed
- generates .{ok,failed,spatch_ok} files using .res files
- --test-regression-okfailed
- process the .{ok,failed,spatch_ok} files in current dir
- --compare-with-expected
- use also file.res
- --expected-score-file
- which score file to compare with in --testall
- --no-update-score-file
- do not update the score file when --testall succeeds
--relax-include-path
- ACTION MODE
- The action options don't work with the --sp-file and so on. It's for the other (internal) uses of the spatch program.
- --tokens-c
- <file>
- --parse-c
- <file or dir>
- --parse-h
- <file or dir>
- --parse-ch
- <file or dir>
- --parse-i
- <file or dir>
- --parse
- <file or dir>
- --show-flow
- <file or file:function>
- --control-flow
- <file or file:function>
- --control-flow-to-file
- <file or file:function>
- --test-cfg-ifdef
- <file>
- --parse-unparse
- <file>
- --type-c
- <file>
- --compare-c
- <file1> <file2>
- --comment-annotater-c
- <file>
--compare-c-hardcoded
- --test-attributes
- <file>
- --test-cpp
- <file>
- --extract-macros
- <file or dir>
- --extract-macros-select
- <file or dir>
- --xxx
- <file1> <>
- --parse-cocci
- <file>
- --compare-c
- <file1> <file2>
CONFIGURATION MECHANISM¶
Coccinelle uses a simple text format to store customizations into in which the configuration file is processed is as follows, where the later lines always extend and may override earlier ones:
o Your current user's home directory is processed first
o Your directory from which spatch is called is processed next
o The directory provided with the --dir option is processed last, if used
Such a configuration file may look like this:
[spatch] options = --jobs 4 options = --show-trying
FILES¶
/usr/lib/coccinelle/standard.iso
ENVIRONMENT¶
- COCCINELLE_HOME
- The path to the Coccinelle share directory. Default is /usr/lib/coccinelle
REFERENCES¶
Y. Padioleau, J.L. Lawall, R.R Hansen, G. Muller. "Documenting and Automating Collateral Evolutions in Linux Device Driver", EuroSys 2008 , Glasgow, Scotland, April 2008, pp. 247-260.
Julien Brunel, Damien Doligez, René Rydhof Hansen, Julia L. Lawall, Gilles Muller. "A foundation for flow-based program matching: using temporal logic and model checking", POPL 2009 , Savannah, GA, USA, January 21-23, 2009, pp. 114-126.
AUTHOR¶
spatch was written by Julia Lawall <julia.lawall@lip6.fr>, Yoann Padioleau <yoann.padioleau@gmail.com>, Rene Rydhof Hansen <rrh@cs.aau.dk>, Henrik Stuart <henrik@hstuart.dk>, Nicolas Palix <nicolas.palix@imag.fr>, Peter Senna Tschudin <peter.senna@gmail.com>, Sébastien Hinderer <Sebastien.Hinderer@inria.fr>, Xavier Clerc <xavier.clerc@inria.fr> and Matthieu Caneill <matthieu.caneill42@gmail.com>.
This manual page was written by Yoann Padioleau <yoann.padioleau@gmail.com>, Julia Lawall <julia.lawall@lip6.fr>, Nicolas Palix <nicolas.palix@imag.fr> and Peter Senna Tschudin <peter.senna@gmail.com>.
REPORTING BUGS¶
Send a mail to <cocci@systeme.lip6.fr>
COPYRIGHT¶
Copyright 2012, 2015, INRIA and University of Grenoble-Alpes LIG. Copyright 2010, 2011, University of Copenhagen DIKU and INRIA. Copyright 2005-2009, Ecole des Mines de Nantes, University of Copenhagen. spatch is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software Foundation, according to version 2 of the License.
SEE ALSO¶
February 26, 2015 |