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LOCK(9) Kernel Developer's Manual LOCK(9)

NAME

lockinit, lockdestroy, lockmgr, lockmgr_args, lockmgr_args_rw, lockmgr_disown, lockmgr_printinfo, lockmgr_recursed, lockmgr_rw, lockmgr_waiters, lockstatus, lockmgr_assert — lockmgr family of functions

SYNOPSIS

#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/lock.h>
#include <sys/lockmgr.h>

void
lockinit(struct lock *lkp, int prio, const char *wmesg, int timo, int flags);

void
lockdestroy(struct lock *lkp);

int
lockmgr(struct lock *lkp, u_int flags, struct mtx *ilk);

int
lockmgr_args(struct lock *lkp, u_int flags, struct mtx *ilk, const char *wmesg, int prio, int timo);

int
lockmgr_args_rw(struct lock *lkp, u_int flags, struct rwlock *ilk, const char *wmesg, int prio, int timo);

void
lockmgr_disown(struct lock *lkp);

void
lockmgr_printinfo(const struct lock *lkp);

int
lockmgr_recursed(const struct lock *lkp);

int
lockmgr_rw(struct lock *lkp, u_int flags, struct rwlock *ilk);

int
lockmgr_waiters(const struct lock *lkp);

int
lockstatus(const struct lock *lkp);


options INVARIANTS
options INVARIANT_SUPPORT
void
lockmgr_assert(const struct lock *lkp, int what);

DESCRIPTION

The () function is used to initialize a lock. It must be called before any operation can be performed on a lock. Its arguments are:

lkp
A pointer to the lock to initialize.
prio
The priority passed to sleep(9).
wmesg
The lock message. This is used for both debugging output and sleep(9).
timo
The timeout value passed to sleep(9).
flags
The flags the lock is to be initialized with:
Enable adaptive spinning for this lock if the kernel is compiled with the ADAPTIVE_LOCKMGRS option.
Allow recursive exclusive locks.
Disable lock profiling for this lock.
Allow exclusive locks only.
Instruct witness(4) to ignore this lock.
witness(4) should log messages about duplicate locks being acquired.
Disable ktr(4) logging for this lock.
Use timo during a sleep; otherwise, 0 is used.

The () function is used to destroy a lock, and while it is called in a number of places in the kernel, it currently does nothing.

The () and () functions handle general locking functionality within the kernel, including support for shared and exclusive locks, and recursion. lockmgr() and lockmgr_rw() are also able to upgrade and downgrade locks.

Their arguments are:

lkp
A pointer to the lock to manipulate.
flags
Flags indicating what action is to be taken.
Acquire a shared lock. If an exclusive lock is currently held, EDEADLK will be returned.
Acquire an exclusive lock. If an exclusive lock is already held, and LK_CANRECURSE is not set, the system will panic(9).
Downgrade exclusive lock to a shared lock. Downgrading a shared lock is not permitted. If an exclusive lock has been recursed, the system will panic(9).
Upgrade a shared lock to an exclusive lock. If this call fails, the shared lock is lost, even if the LK_NOWAIT flag is specified. During the upgrade, the shared lock could be temporarily dropped. Attempts to upgrade an exclusive lock will cause a panic(9).
Try to upgrade a shared lock to an exclusive lock. The failure to upgrade does not result in the dropping of the shared lock ownership.
Release the lock. Releasing a lock that is not held can cause a panic(9).
Wait for all activity on the lock to end, then mark it decommissioned. This is used before freeing a lock that is part of a piece of memory that is about to be freed. (As documented in <sys/lockmgr.h>.)
Fail if operation has slept.
Do not allow the call to sleep. This can be used to test the lock.
Skip the witness(4) checks for this instance.
Allow recursion on an exclusive lock. For every lock there must be a release.
Unlock the interlock (which should be locked already).
Normally, () postpones serving further shared requests for shared-locked lock if there is exclusive waiter, to avoid exclusive lock starvation. But, if the thread requesting the shared lock already owns a shared lockmgr lock, the request is granted even in presence of the parallel exclusive lock request, which is done to avoid deadlocks with recursive shared acquisition.

The LK_NODDLKTREAT flag can only be used by code which requests shared non-recursive lock. The flag allows exclusive requests to preempt the current shared request even if the current thread owns shared locks. This is safe since shared lock is guaranteed to not recurse, and is used when thread is known to held unrelated shared locks, to not cause unnecessary starvation. An example is vp locking in VFS lookup(9), when dvp is already locked.

ilk
An interlock mutex for controlling group access to the lock. If LK_INTERLOCK is specified, () and () assume ilk is currently owned and not recursed, and will return it unlocked. See mtx_assert(9).

The () and () function work like lockmgr() and lockmgr_rw() but accepting a wmesg, timo and prio on a per-instance basis. The specified values will override the default ones, but this can still be used passing, respectively, LK_WMESG_DEFAULT, LK_PRIO_DEFAULT and LK_TIMO_DEFAULT.

The () function switches the owner from the current thread to be LK_KERNPROC, if the lock is already held.

The () function prints debugging information about the lock. It is used primarily by VOP_PRINT(9) functions.

The () function returns true if the lock is recursed, 0 otherwise.

The () function returns true if the lock has waiters, 0 otherwise.

The () function returns the status of the lock in relation to the current thread.

When compiled with options INVARIANTS and options INVARIANT_SUPPORT, the () function tests lkp for the assertions specified in what, and panics if they are not met. One of the following assertions must be specified:

Assert that the current thread has either a shared or an exclusive lock on the lkp lock pointed to by the first argument.
Assert that the current thread has a shared lock on the lkp lock pointed to by the first argument.
Assert that the current thread has an exclusive lock on the lkp lock pointed to by the first argument.
Assert that the current thread has no lock on the lkp lock pointed to by the first argument.

In addition, one of the following optional assertions can be used with either an KA_LOCKED, KA_SLOCKED, or KA_XLOCKED assertion:

Assert that the current thread has a recursed lock on lkp.
Assert that the current thread does not have a recursed lock on lkp.

RETURN VALUES

The lockmgr() and lockmgr_rw() functions return 0 on success and non-zero on failure.

The lockstatus() function returns:

An exclusive lock is held by the current thread.
An exclusive lock is held by someone other than the current thread.
A shared lock is held.
The lock is not held by anyone.

ERRORS

lockmgr() and lockmgr_rw() fail if:

[]
was requested and another thread had already requested a lock upgrade.
[]
was set, and a sleep would have been required, or LK_TRYUPGRADE operation was not able to upgrade the lock.
[]
was set and lockmgr() or lockmgr_rw() did sleep.
[]
was set in the lock priority, and a signal was delivered during a sleep. Note the error below.
[]
was set in the lock priority, a signal was delivered during a sleep, and the system call is to be restarted.
[]
a non-zero timeout was given, and the timeout expired.

LOCKS

If LK_INTERLOCK is passed in the flags argument to () or (), the ilk must be held prior to calling lockmgr() or lockmgr_rw(), and will be returned unlocked.

Upgrade attempts that fail result in the loss of the lock that is currently held. Also, it is invalid to upgrade an exclusive lock, and a panic(9) will be the result of trying.

SEE ALSO

condvar(9), locking(9), mtx_assert(9), mutex(9), panic(9), rwlock(9), sleep(9), sx(9), VOP_PRINT(9)

AUTHORS

This manual page was written by Chad David <davidc@acns.ab.ca>.

November 2, 2014 Debian