NOME¶

readelf - Visualizza informazioni sui file ELF.

SINTASSI¶

readelf [-a|--all]
[-h|--file-header]
[-l|--program-headers|--segments]
[-S|--section-headers|--sections]
[-g|--section-groups]
[-t|--section-details]
[-e|--headers]
[-s|--syms|--symbols]
[--dyn-syms|--lto-syms]
[--sym-base=[0|8|10|16]]
[--demangle=style|--no-demangle]
[--quiet]
[--recurse-limit|--no-recurse-limit]
[-U method|--unicode=method]
[-X|--extra-sym-info|--no-extra-sym-info]
[-n|--notes]
[-r|--relocs]
[-u|--unwind]
[-d|--dynamic]
[-V|--version-info]
[-A|--arch-specific]
[-D|--use-dynamic]
[-L|--lint|--enable-checks]
[-x <number or name>|--hex-dump=<number or name>]
[-p <number or name>|--string-dump=<number or name>]
[-R <number or name>|--relocated-dump=<number or name>]
[-j <number or name>|--display-section=<number or name>]
[-z|--decompress]
[-c|--archive-index]
[-w[lLiaprmfFsoORtUuTgAck]|
--debug-dump[=rawline,=decodedline,=info,=abbrev,=pubnames,=aranges,=macro,=frames,=frames-interp,=str,=str-offsets,=loc,=Ranges,=pubtypes,=trace_info,=trace_abbrev,=trace_aranges,=gdb_index,=addr,=cu_index,=links]]
[-wK|--debug-dump=follow-links]
[-wN|--debug-dump=no-follow-links]
[-wD|--debug-dump=use-debuginfod]
[-wE|--debug-dump=do-not-use-debuginfod]
[-P|--process-links]
[--dwarf-depth=n]
[--dwarf-start=n]
[--ctf=section]
[--ctf-parent=section]
[--ctf-symbols=section]
[--ctf-strings=section]
[--sframe=section]
[-I|--histogram]
[-v|--version]
[-W|--wide]
[-T|--silent-truncation]
[-H|--help]
elffile...

DESCRIZIONE¶

readelf displays information about one or more ELF format object files. The options control what particular information to display.

elffile... are the object files to be examined. 32-bit and 64-bit ELF files are supported, as are archives containing ELF files.

This program performs a similar function to objdump but it goes into more detail and it exists independently of the BFD library, so if there is a bug in BFD then readelf will not be affected.

OPZIONI¶

Le forme lunga e breve delle opzioni, qui mostrate come alternative, sono equivalenti. Deve essere data almeno un'opzione tra -v o -H.

-a

--all

Equivalente a specificare --file-header, --program-headers, --sections, --symbols, --relocs, --dynamic, --notes, --version-info, --arch-specific, --unwind, --section-groups e --histogram.

Note - this option does not enable --use-dynamic itself, so if that option is not present on the command line then dynamic symbols and dynamic relocs will not be displayed.

-h

--file-header

Displays the information contained in the ELF header at the start of the file.

-l

--program-headers

--segments

Visualizza le informazioni contenute nelle intestazioni del segmento del file, se ne ha.

--quiet

Suppress "no symbols" diagnostic.

-S

--sections

--section-headers

Visualizza le informazioni contenute nelle intestazioni della sezione del file, se ne ha.

-g

--section-groups

Displays the information contained in the file's section groups, if it has any.

-t

--section-details

Displays the detailed section information. Implies -S.

-s

--symbols

--syms

Displays the entries in symbol table section of the file, if it has one. If a symbol has version information associated with it then this is displayed as well. The version string is displayed as a suffix to the symbol name, preceded by an @ character. For example foo@VER_1. If the version is the default version to be used when resolving unversioned references to the symbol then it is displayed as a suffix preceded by two @ characters. For example foo@@VER_2.

--dyn-syms

Displays the entries in dynamic symbol table section of the file, if it has one. The output format is the same as the format used by the --syms option.

--lto-syms

Displays the contents of any LTO symbol tables in the file.

--sym-base=[0|8|10|16]

Forces the size field of the symbol table to use the given base. Any unrecognized options will be treated as 0. --sym-base=0 represents the default and legacy behaviour. This will output sizes as decimal for numbers less than 100000. For sizes 100000 and greater hexadecimal notation will be used with a 0x prefix. --sym-base=8 will give the symbol sizes in octal. --sym-base=10 will always give the symbol sizes in decimal. --sym-base=16 will always give the symbol sizes in hexadecimal with a 0x prefix.

-C

--demangle[=style]

Decode (demangle) low-level symbol names into user-level names. This makes C++ function names readable. Different compilers have different mangling styles. The optional demangling style argument can be used to choose an appropriate demangling style for your compiler.

--no-demangle

Do not demangle low-level symbol names. This is the default.

--recurse-limit

--no-recurse-limit

--recursion-limit

--no-recursion-limit

Abilitata o disabilita il limite della ricorsione effettuata durante la decodifica («demangling») delle stringhe. Poiché i formati di «mangling» permettono un livello infinito di ricorsione è possibile creare stringhe la cui decodifica riempirebbe lo stack disponibile sulla macchina, generando un problema di accesso alla memoria. Il limite cerca di evitare questa situazione, restringendo la ricorsione ad un massimo di 2048 livelli.

Il comportamento predefinito è di avere il limite abilitato, ma disabilitarlo potrebbe essere necessario per decodificare nomi veramente complessi. Notare che se il limite di ricorsione viene disabilitato allora è possibile saturare lo stack, e qualsiasi segnalazione di bug su questa situazione verrà rigettata.

-U [d|i|l|e|x|h]

--unicode=[default|invalid|locale|escape|hex|highlight]

Controls the display of non-ASCII characters in identifier names. The default (--unicode=locale or --unicode=default) is to treat them as multibyte characters and display them in the current locale. All other versions of this option treat the bytes as UTF-8 encoded values and attempt to interpret them. If they cannot be interpreted or if the --unicode=invalid option is used then they are displayed as a sequence of hex bytes, encloses in curly parethesis characters.

Using the --unicode=escape option will display the characters as as unicode escape sequences (\uxxxx). Using the --unicode=hex will display the characters as hex byte sequences enclosed between angle brackets.

Using the --unicode=highlight will display the characters as unicode escape sequences but it will also highlighted them in red, assuming that colouring is supported by the output device. The colouring is intended to draw attention to the presence of unicode sequences when they might not be expected.

-X

--extra-sym-info

When displaying details of symbols, include extra information not normally presented. Currently this just adds the name of the section referenced by the symbol's index field, if there is one. In the future more information may be displayed when this option is enabled.

Enabling this option effectively enables the --wide option as well, at least when displaying symbol information.

--no-extra-sym-info

Disables the effect of the --extra-sym-info option. This is the default.

-e

--headers

Visualizza tutte le intestazioni nel file. Equivalente a -h -l -S.

-n

--notes

Displays the contents of the NOTE segments and/or sections, if any.

-r

--relocs

Visualizza i contenuti della sezione di rilocazione del file, se ce ne sono.

-u

--unwind

Displays the contents of the file's unwind section, if it has one. Only the unwind sections for IA64 ELF files, as well as ARM unwind tables (".ARM.exidx" / ".ARM.extab") are currently supported. If support is not yet implemented for your architecture you could try dumping the contents of the .eh_frames section using the --debug-dump=frames or --debug-dump=frames-interp options.

-d

--dynamic

Visualizza i contenuti della sezione dinamica del file, se ce ne sono.

-V

--version-info

Visualizza i contenuti della sezione versione del file, se esiste.

-A

--arch-specific

Visualizza informazioni nel file legate all'architettura, se ce ne sono.

-D

--use-dynamic

Quando si visualizzano i simboli, questa opzione fa sì che readelf usi la tabella simboli nella sezione dinamica del file, invece di quella nella sezione simboli.

When displaying relocations, this option makes readelf display the dynamic relocations rather than the static relocations.

-L

--lint

--enable-checks

Displays warning messages about possible problems with the file(s) being examined. If used on its own then all of the contents of the file(s) will be examined. If used with one of the dumping options then the warning messages will only be produced for the things being displayed.

-x <numero o nome>

--hex-dump=<numero o nome>

Displays the contents of the indicated section as a hexadecimal bytes. A number identifies a particular section by index in the section table; any other string identifies all sections with that name in the object file. This option can be repeated multiple times on the command line in order to request multiple hex dumps.

-R <numero o nome>

--relocated-dump=<numero o nome>

Displays the contents of the indicated section as a hexadecimal bytes. A number identifies a particular section by index in the section table; any other string identifies all sections with that name in the object file. The contents of the section will be relocated before they are displayed. This option can be repeated multiple times on the command line in order to request multiple relocated dumps.

-p <numero o nome>

--string-dump=<numero o nome>

Displays the contents of the indicated section as printable strings. A number identifies a particular section by index in the section table; any other string identifies all sections with that name in the object file. This option can be repeated multiple times on the command line in order to request multiple string dumps.

-j <number or name>

--display-section

Displays the contents of the indicated section according to its section header type. Sections containing relocations will be displayed as if the --relocations option had been used, sections contains symbols will be displayed as if the --syms option had been used and so on.

A number identifies a particular section by index in the section table; any other string identifies all sections with that name in the input file(s).

This option can be repeated multiple times on the command line in order to request multiple section dumps.

-z

--decompress

Requests that the section(s) being dumped by x, R or p options are decompressed before being displayed. If the section(s) are not compressed then they are displayed as is.

-c

--archive-index

Displays the file symbol index information contained in the header part of binary archives. Performs the same function as the t command to ar, but without using the BFD library.

-w[lLiaprmfFsOoRtUuTgAckK]

--debug-dump[=rawline,=decodedline,=info,=abbrev,=pubnames,=aranges,=macro,=frames,=frames-interp,=str,=str-offsets,=loc,=Ranges,=pubtypes,=trace_info,=trace_abbrev,=trace_aranges,=gdb_index,=addr,=cu_index,=links,=follow-links]

Displays the contents of the DWARF debug sections in the file, if any are present. Compressed debug sections are automatically decompressed (temporarily) before they are displayed. If one or more of the optional letters or words follows the switch then only those type(s) of data will be dumped. The letters and words refer to the following information:

--dwarf-depth=n

Limit the dump of the ".debug_info" section to n children. This is only useful with --debug-dump=info. The default is to print all DIEs; the special value 0 for n will also have this effect.

With a non-zero value for n, DIEs at or deeper than n levels will not be printed. The range for n is zero-based.

--dwarf-start=n

Print only DIEs beginning with the DIE numbered n. This is only useful with --debug-dump=info.

If specified, this option will suppress printing of any header information and all DIEs before the DIE numbered n. Only siblings and children of the specified DIE will be printed.

This can be used in conjunction with --dwarf-depth.

-P

--process-links

Display the contents of non-debug sections found in separate debuginfo files that are linked to the main file. This option automatically implies the -wK option, and only sections requested by other command line options will be displayed.

--ctf[=sezione]

Display the contents of the specified CTF section. CTF sections themselves contain many subsections, all of which are displayed in order.

By default, display the name of the section named .ctf, which is the name emitted by ld.

--ctf-parent=member

If the CTF section contains ambiguously-defined types, it will consist of an archive of many CTF dictionaries, all inheriting from one dictionary containing unambiguous types. This member is by default named .ctf, like the section containing it, but it is possible to change this name using the "ctf_link_set_memb_name_changer" function at link time. When looking at CTF archives that have been created by a linker that uses the name changer to rename the parent archive member, --ctf-parent can be used to specify the name used for the parent.

--ctf-parent-section=section

This option lets you pick a completely different section for the CTF parent dictionary containing unambiguous types than for the child dictionaries that contain the ambiguous remainder. The linker does not emit ELF objects structured like this, but some third-party linkers may. It's also convenient to inspect CTF written out as multiple raw files to compose them with objcopy, which can put them in different ELF sections but not in different members of a single CTF dict.

--ctf-symbols=sezione

--ctf-strings=sezione

Specify the name of another section from which the CTF file can inherit strings and symbols. By default, the ".symtab" and its linked string table are used.

If either of --ctf-symbols or --ctf-strings is specified, the other must be specified as well.

-I

--histogram

Visualizza un istogramma delle lunghezze dell'elenco del contenitore quando si visualizzano i contenuti delle tabelle simboli.

-v

--version

Visualizza il numero di versione di readelf.

-W

--wide

Don't break output lines to fit into 80 columns. By default readelf breaks section header and segment listing lines for 64-bit ELF files, so that they fit into 80 columns. This option causes readelf to print each section header resp. each segment one a single line, which is far more readable on terminals wider than 80 columns.

-T

--silent-truncation

Normally when readelf is displaying a symbol name, and it has to truncate the name to fit into an 80 column display, it will add a suffix of "[...]" to the name. This command line option disables this behaviour, allowing 5 more characters of the name to be displayed and restoring the old behaviour of readelf (prior to release 2.35).

-H

--help

Visualizza le opzioni della linea di comando capite da readelf.

@file

Legge le opzioni da riga di comando da file. Le opzioni lette sono inserite al posto dell'opzione originale @file. Se file non esiste o non può essere letto, l'opzione sarà trattata letteralmente, e non rimossa.

Le opzioni in file sono separate da spazi vuoti. Si può includere uno spazio vuoto in un'opzione racchiudendo l'intera opzione fra apici, singoli o doppi. Può essere incluso qualsiasi carattere (compresa la barra inversa) facendo precedere al carattere una barra inversa. Il file può esso stesso contenere ulteriori opzioni @file; ciascuna di queste opzioni sarà elaborata ricorsivamente.

VEDERE ANCHE¶

objdump(1) e i campi Info per binutils.

COPYRIGHT¶

Copyright (c) 1991-2024 Free Software Foundation, Inc.

È permesso copiare, distribuire e/o modificare questo documento nei termini della “Licenza per documentazione libera GNU” (GNU Free Documentation License), versione 1.3 o ogni versione successiva pubblicata dalla Free Software Foundation; senza sezioni non modificabili, senza testi di prima di copertina e di quarta di copertina. Una copia della licenza è inclusa nella sezione intitolata “Licenza per la documentazione libera GNU" (GNU Free Documentation License).

TRADUZIONE¶

La traduzione italiana di questa pagina di manuale è stata creata da Giulio Daprelà <giulio@pluto.it> e Marco Curreli <marcocurreli@tiscali.it>

Questa traduzione è documentazione libera; leggere la GNU General Public License Versione 3 o successiva per le condizioni di copyright. Non ci assumiamo alcuna responsabilità.

Per segnalare errori nella traduzione di questa pagina di manuale inviare un messaggio a pluto-ildp@lists.pluto.it.