Booleans¶

Booleans are either `true` or `false`.

OPERATORS

• `and` - logical and
• `or` - logical or
• `not` - logical and

Integers¶

You can specify an integer literal using decimal, hexadecimal, octal, and binary.

int_1 = 1
int_42 = 42
int_255 = 0xFF
int_493 = 0o755
int_1365 = 0b10101010101

All common arithmetic operations are implemented for integers: addition, subtraction, division, multiplication, and modulo.

OPERATORS

• `*` - multiplication
• `/` - integer division
• `%` - modulo (remainder)
• `+` - addition
• `-` - subtraction
• `==` - equal to
• `!=` - not equal to
• `<` - less than
• `>` - greater than
• `<=` - less than or equal to
• `>=` - greater than or equal to

Strings¶

Strings in Meson are declared with single quotes. `` is the escape character.

The full list of escape sequences is:

• `\` Backslash
• `'` Single quote
• `a` Bell
• `b` Backspace
• `f` Formfeed
• `n` Newline
• `r` Carriage Return
• `t` Horizontal Tab
• `v` Vertical Tab
• `ooo` Character with octal value ooo, up to 3 digits long
• `xhh` Character with hex value hh
• `uxxxx` Character with 16-bit hex value xxxx
• `Uxxxxxxxx` Character with 32-bit hex value xxxxxxxx
• `N{name}` Character named name in Unicode database

Multi-line strings are surrounded by 3 consecutive quotes. These are raw strings that do not support the escape sequences listed above.

Format strings are expressed by a placing leading `f` before the first opening quote. Inside of a format string, sequences of the form `@[a-z_]+@` will be substituted with the value of the matching variable. This variable can be of type bool, int, or str.

name = 'Alice'
# prints "Hello Alice"
message(f'Hello @name@')

OPERATORS

• `+` - concatenate two strings
• `/` - concatenate two strings as if `join_paths()` was called
• `[int]` - access the character at index
• `<str> in <str>` - check if str is a substring
• `<str> not in <str>` - check if str is not a substring
• `==` - equal to
• `!=` - not equal to

Arrays¶

Arrays are delimited by brackets. An array can contain an arbitrary number of objects of any type.

OPERATORS

• `+` - If the rhs operand is an array, it will be joined to the lhs array. If it is a scalar, it will be appended to the lhs array.
• `[int]` - access the object at index
• `<any> in <array>` - check if object is in `array`
• `<any> not in <array>` - check if object is not in `array`
• `==` - equal to
• `!=` - not equal to

Dictionaries¶

Dictionaries are delimited by curly braces. A dictionary can contain an arbitrary number of key: value pairs. Keys are required to be strings, but values can be objects of any type. Dictionaries are immutable and do not have a guaranteed order.

OPERATORS

• `+` - merge two dictionaries. In case of a conflicting key, the value from the rhs dictionary will be taken.
• `[str]` - access the object with key `key`
• `<str> in <dict>` - check if key is in `dict`
• `<str> not in <dict>` - check if key is not in `dict`
• `==` - equal to
• `!=` - not equal to

Comments¶

A comment starts with the `#` character and extends until the end of the line.

Variables¶

A variable can contain a value of any type, and does not need to be predeclared.

var1 = 'hello'
var2 = 102

One important difference in how variables work in the dsl is that all objects are immutable. When you see an operation which appears like a mutation, actually a new object is created and assigned to the name.

var1 = [1, 2, 3]
var2 = var1
var2 += [4]
# var2 is now [1, 2, 3, 4]
# var1 is still [1, 2, 3]

Function and method calls¶

Builtin functions are called by their name followed by parenthesis containing optional, comma-separated arguments. Arguments are either positional or keyword. Keyword arguments are expressed using the keyword without quotes, followed by a colon.

foo()
foo('bar')
foo('bar', baz: true)

Method calls are expressed by a `.` followed by the same function call syntax as above.

foo.bar()
foo.bar('baz', qux: false)

For a complete list of functions and methods, please see `meson-reference(3)`.

If statements¶

Start an if statement with the `if` keyword followed by a boolean expression. Further conditions can be expressed using the `elif` keyword followed by a boolean expression. The `else` keyword can be used to handle the case when no conditions are matched. An if statement is terminated with the `endif` keyword.

if conditon1
	...
elif condition2
	...
else condition3
	...
endif

Foreach statements¶

To loop over values in an iterable, use the `foreach` keyword followed by a comma separated list of names to assign the values of the iterable to, a colon, and an iterable expression. Only arrays and dictionaries are iterable. A foreach statement is terminated with the `endforeach` keyword.

Arrays have one value to assign to.

foreach value : array
	foo(value)
endforeach

Dictionaries have one two values to assign to.

foreach key, value : dictionary
	foo(key)
	bar(value)
endforeach

Inside a `foreach` block you may use the `break` and `continue` keywords. `break` exits the loop immediately. `continue` skips the rest of the current iteration.